A dipole with four branches, fed by Marchand balun, is designed to be conformal with wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle. With the help of branches, the proposed dipole element achieves a better impedance matching performance. Meanwhile, the metallic coupled strip is added to move the scanning blindness out of the operating frequency band, without deterioration at broadside radiation. Besides, the beamwidth in the vertical plane, i.e., the H-plane of the dipole, can be effectively compressed by loading three metallic strip directors, and the element gain increases as well. Based on the dipole element, a 12-element linear phased array is designed and simulated. The simulated results show that the array achieves ±60° scanning range in the horizontal plane, with the voltage standing wave ratio lower than 2.5 in the operating band of 2.4∼3 GHz. Moreover, the 3 dB beamwidth in the H-plane is 81° at the center frequency of 2.7 GHz. The measured results of the fabricated antenna prototype agree reasonably well with the simulated ones, which verify the feasibility of the wing-conformal linear phased array design.

中文翻译：

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适用于宽扫描相控阵天线系统的共形阵列天线


由 Marchand 巴伦供电的具有四个分支的偶极子被设计为与无人机机翼共形。在分支的帮助下，所提出的偶极子元件实现了更好的阻抗匹配性能。同时，增加了金属耦合条，将扫描盲移移出工作频段，而不会在侧射辐射下恶化。此外，通过加载三个金属条导向器，可以有效压缩垂直平面（即偶极子H平面）的波束宽度，并且元件增益也有所增加。基于偶极子单元，设计并仿真了12单元线性相控阵。仿真结果表明，该阵列在水平面内实现了±60°的扫描范围，在2.4∼3 GHz工作频段内电压驻波比低于2.5。此外，H 平面中的 3 dB 波束宽度在 2.7 GHz 中心频率处为 81°。制作的天线样机的测量结果与仿真结果吻合较好，验证了机翼共形线性相控阵设计的可行性。