In this letter, we propose a design of rectangular waveguide-fed surface-wave frequency-scanning antenna utilizing the principle of wavevector mismatch. First, the transition from a side-fed rectangular waveguide mode to spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) is achieved. Then the SSPP propagating on the metal-dielectric interface is modulated through wavevector mismatching that induces the SSPP to spatial radiating wave conversion. Theoretical deduction proves the frequency scanning nature of the generated radiating beam. Phase gradient metasurface (PGM) is used to realize the wavevector engineering that causes artificial wavevector mismatch. Simulated and experimental results, agreeing well with each other, showed that the antenna can realize beam scanning from −8° to 11.6° across 6.8 to 7 GHz, with realized gain varying from 5 to 5.98 dBi.

中文翻译：

---

利用波矢量失配的矩形波导馈电表面波频率扫描天线

在这封信中，我们提出了一种利用波矢失配原理设计的矩形波导馈电面波频率扫描天线。首先，实现了从侧馈矩形波导模式到欺骗表面等离子体激元 (SSPP) 的转变。然后通过波矢量失配调制在金属-电介质界面上传播的 SSPP，使 SSPP 进行空间辐射波转换。理论推导证明了产生的辐射束的频率扫描性质。相位梯度超表面（PGM）用于实现导致人工波矢量失配的波矢量工程。仿真结果和实验结果非常吻合，表明该天线可以在 6.8 至 7 GHz 范围内实现 -8° 至 11.6° 的波束扫描，实现增益为 5 至 5.98 dBi。