The growing contamination of various freshwater resources due to industrial effluent is a serious concern among the scientific community. Several organic compounds are essentially used as chemical intermediate in variety of industrial processes. These organic compounds are hazardous chemicals which are already considered dangerous to global public health and other forms of life due to their high toxicity, carcinogenicity. These organic contaminants are found present in the industrial effluents. Several treatment methods were applied in the literature for their elimination from wastewater to make their final disposal safe for environment. In this article, different kinds of physical, biological and advanced oxidation methods (AOPs) applied for the treatment of various important organic compounds were compared for their advantages and disadvantages. The results showed that the conventional treatment methods are not effective to treat these kinds of toxic and refractory chemical compounds. Therefore, AOPs were found to be the most promising treatment methods.

工业废水对各种淡水资源的污染日益严重，这是科学界严重关注的问题。几种有机化合物主要用作各种工业过程中的化学中间体。这些有机化合物是危险化学品，由于其高毒性和致癌性，已被认为对全球公共卫生和其他生命形式具有危险性。这些有机污染物存在于工业废水中。文献中应用了几种处理方法将它们从废水中去除，以使它们的最终处理对环境安全。在本文中，比较了用于处理各种重要有机化合物的不同种类的物理、生物和高级氧化方法 (AOP) 的优缺点。结果表明，常规处理方法对这类有毒、难处理的化合物的处理效果不佳。因此，AOPs 被认为是最有前景的治疗方法。