: Hippo, an evolutionarily conserved kinase cascade reaction in organisms, can respond to a set of signals, such as mechanical signals and cell metabolism, to maintain cell growth, differentiation, tissue/organ development, and homeostasis. In the past ten years, Hippo has controlled the development of tissues and organs by regulating the process of cell proliferation, especially in the field of cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction. This suggests that Hippo signaling is closely linked to cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is the most common disease of the cardiovascular system. It is characterised by chronic inflammation of the vascular wall, mainly involving dysfunction of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. Oxidized Low density lipoprotein (LDL) damages the barrier function of endothelial cells, which enter the middle membrane of the vascular wall, accelerate the formation of foam cells, and promote the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Autophagy is associated with the development of atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of Hippo regulation of atherosclerosis has not meant to be clarified. In view of the pivotal role of this signaling pathway in maintaining cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, the imbalance of Hippo is related to atherosclerosis and related diseases. In this review, we emphasized Hippo as a hub for regulating atherosclerosis and discussed its potential targets in pathophysiology, human diseases, and related pharmacology.

中文翻译：

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河马：动脉粥样硬化疾病的新中心

: Hippo 是生物体中一种进化上保守的激酶级联反应，可以响应一组信号，例如机械信号和细胞代谢，以维持细胞生长、分化、组织/器官发育和体内平衡。近十年来，河马通过调控细胞增殖过程来控制组织器官的发育，尤其是在心肌梗死后的心脏再生领域。这表明 Hippo 信号与心血管疾病密切相关。动脉粥样硬化是心血管系统最常见的疾病。它以血管壁慢性炎症为特征，主要涉及内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和巨噬细胞的功能障碍。氧化低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) 破坏内皮细胞的屏障功能，进入血管壁中膜，加速泡沫细胞的形成，促进动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展。自噬与动脉粥样硬化的发展有关。然而，Hippo调节动脉粥样硬化的机制还没有被阐明。鉴于这一信号通路在维持细胞生长、增殖和分化中的关键作用，Hippo失衡与动脉粥样硬化及相关疾病有关。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 Hippo 作为调节动脉粥样硬化的枢纽，并讨论了它在病理生理学、人类疾病和相关药理学方面的潜在目标。自噬与动脉粥样硬化的发展有关。然而，Hippo调节动脉粥样硬化的机制还没有被阐明。鉴于这一信号通路在维持细胞生长、增殖和分化中的关键作用，Hippo失衡与动脉粥样硬化及相关疾病有关。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 Hippo 作为调节动脉粥样硬化的枢纽，并讨论了它在病理生理学、人类疾病和相关药理学方面的潜在目标。自噬与动脉粥样硬化的发展有关。然而，Hippo调节动脉粥样硬化的机制还没有被阐明。鉴于这一信号通路在维持细胞生长、增殖和分化中的关键作用，Hippo失衡与动脉粥样硬化及相关疾病有关。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 Hippo 作为调节动脉粥样硬化的枢纽，并讨论了它在病理生理学、人类疾病和相关药理学方面的潜在目标。