Abstract Previous investigations have demonstrated FN400 and LPC, 2 event-related potential old/new effects that respectively reflect familiarity- and recollection-based processes in memory. However, it is unclear whether these effects are susceptible to processing fluency, particularly different types of processing fluency. To address this issue, applying a masked priming paradigm, we conducted an event-related potential experiment by manipulating semantic relations between the prime and the target as identical (reflecting perceptual fluency), thematically and taxonomically related (referring to conceptual fluency), and unrelated. A remember/know (R/K) judgment task in the test phase was used to distinguish familiarity- and recollection-based processes. Behaviorally, both task performance and response speed were modulated by the variables of priming condition, item type, and response type. All 4 priming conditions elicited significant FN400 and LPC. Compared with the K response, the R response was more relevant to the recollection-based processes reflected by LPC. Both FN400 and LPC were modulated by whether there was a response of R, K, or new. The former was susceptible only to conceptual fluency, and the latter was sensitive to both perceptual fluency and conceptual fluency, which offered telling evidence for the dual process model. Considerations for future investigations are proposed. See supplemental materials here: https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/

中文翻译：

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处理流畅性如何影响熟悉和回忆的旧/新影响：来自记忆/知道范式的证据

摘要 先前的研究已经证明了 FN400 和 LPC，2 种与事件相关的潜在旧/新效应，分别反映了记忆中基于熟悉和回忆的过程。然而，尚不清楚这些影响是否易受加工流畅度的影响，尤其是不同类型的加工流畅度。为了解决这个问题，我们应用蒙面启动范式，通过将主要和目标之间的语义关系操纵为相同（反映感知流畅性）、主题和分类相关（指概念流畅性）和不相关，进行了与事件相关的潜在实验. 测试阶段的记住/知道 (R/K) 判断任务用于区分基于熟悉度和基于回忆的过程。在行为上，任务表现和反应速度都受到启动条件、项目类型和反应类型变量的调节。所有 4 种启动条件均引发了显着的 FN400 和 LPC。与 K 响应相比，R 响应与 LPC 反映的基于回忆的过程更相关。FN400 和 LPC 都根据是否有 R、K 或新的响应进行调制。前者只对概念流畅性敏感，后者对感知流畅性和概念流畅性都敏感，这为双过程模型提供了有力的证据。提出了对未来调查的考虑。在此处查看补充材料：https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/ 所有 4 种启动条件均引发了显着的 FN400 和 LPC。与 K 响应相比，R 响应与 LPC 反映的基于回忆的过程更相关。FN400 和 LPC 都根据是否有 R、K 或新的响应进行调制。前者只对概念流畅性敏感，后者对感知流畅性和概念流畅性都敏感，这为双过程模型提供了有力的证据。提出了对未来调查的考虑。在此处查看补充材料：https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/ 所有 4 种启动条件均引发了显着的 FN400 和 LPC。与 K 响应相比，R 响应与 LPC 反映的基于回忆的过程更相关。FN400 和 LPC 都根据是否有 R、K 或新的响应进行调制。前者只对概念流畅性敏感，后者对感知流畅性和概念流畅性都敏感，这为双过程模型提供了有力的证据。提出了对未来调查的考虑。在此处查看补充材料：https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/ 前者只对概念流畅性敏感，后者对感知流畅性和概念流畅性都敏感，这为双过程模型提供了有力的证据。提出了对未来调查的考虑。在此处查看补充材料：https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/ 前者只对概念流畅性敏感，后者对感知流畅性和概念流畅性都敏感，这为双过程模型提供了有力的证据。提出了对未来调查的考虑。在此处查看补充材料：https://www.press.uillinois.edu/journals/ajp/media/evidence_in_remember_know_paradigm/