Introduction: Two findings in the Expressed Emotion (EE) literature fail to hold for Black psychiatric patients: EE (predominantly criticism) fails to predict treatment outcome, and measures of EE fail to correlate with patients' perceptions of relatives' criticism. To understand these findings, we tested whether non-Black coders of observable criticism (a) rate Black relatives higher in criticism than White relatives, or (b) are generally less accurate when rating Black relatives. Method: Familial dyads [31 Black; 87 White] participated in video recorded problem-solving interactions. Each interaction was reliably coded for observed criticism by two-four non-Black coders; participants rated perceived criticism (the criterion measure) post-interaction. Results: Coders were less accurate in rating criticism from Black than White relatives. Discussion: These data suggest patients' ratings of perceived criticism might be the measure of choice for identification of Black families who should be engaged in the treatment process to help reduce criticism-associated treatment failure

中文翻译：

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家庭批评评估中的种族问题

简介：表达情感 (EE) 文献中的两个发现不适用于黑人精神病患者：EE（主要是批评）无法预测治疗结果，EE 的测量无法与患者对亲属批评的看法相关联。为了理解这些发现，我们测试了可观察批评的非黑人编码员是否 (a) 对黑人亲属的批评评价高于白人亲属，或者 (b) 在评价黑人亲属时通常不太准确。方法：家庭对子[31黑色；87 White] 参与了视频录制的解决问题的互动。每次交互都被两到四个非黑人编码员可靠地编码以观察到批评；参与者在互动后对感知到的批评（标准测量）进行评分。结果：编码人员在评价来自黑人的批评方面不如白人亲属准确。