ABSTRACT Development during adolescence and early adulthood is profoundly exhilarating and transformative, especially given emerging physical, emotional and intellectually capabilities. Psychoanalytic theories of development assume culture as benign and as not being an impediment to good-enough development. This is not the case for Black youth development, especially for those of low income. Their age-appropriate joy of life and insouciance must be tempered by caution and vigilance given the racist and impoverished communities in which they live. Some are able, with adequate protection and nurturance from family and community, to sculpt a hybrid self that is savvy, resilient and creative around self-making. Such a supported and protected self is also impactful on the larger world. These states exist in tension with a self-regulatory capacity to avoid dangerous regressions in expressing the rage at their cultural oppressions or the temptations of mindless consumption in pursuit of pleasure. They draw on inter and intra-generational legacies that speak to managing and sometimes re-signifying trauma narratives as protective and inspirational. Such Black self-worth by youth fashions hybrid, caring and innovative selves.

中文翻译：

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黑人青年：自我创造、创造力和混合黑人身份的主张

摘要 青春期和成年早期的发展是非常令人振奋和变革的，特别是考虑到身体、情感和智力的新兴能力。发展的精神分析理论假设文化是良性的，并且不会成为足够好的发展的障碍。黑人青年的发展并非如此，尤其是低收入者。鉴于他们所生活的种族主义和贫困社区，必须谨慎和警惕，以缓和他们与年龄相称的生活乐趣和漫不经心。在家庭和社区的充分保护和培育下，有些人能够塑造出一个精明、有弹性和创造性的混合自我。这种受支持和保护的自我也对更大的世界产生影响。这些国家存在自我调节能力的紧张状态，以避免在表达对文化压迫的愤怒或为了追求快乐而盲目消费的诱惑时出现危险的倒退。他们借鉴了代际和代内遗产，这些遗产涉及管理和有时将创伤叙述重新定义为保护性和鼓舞人心的。年轻人的这种黑人自我价值塑造了混合、关怀和创新的自我。