ABSTRACT The late nineteenth century philosopher Hans Vaihinger and the preeminent contemporary philosopher, Kwame Anthony Appiah contend that in order to see a more complete picture of the world, we need a plurality of pictures with which to view it, not just one. This truth comes with epistemological burdens and with the inconvenient fact that the human mind is unable to juggle more than one picture or theory simultaneously. Thus, psychoanalytic clinicians tend to select one theory as a guide when treating patients. In this paper, I will offer ways to think about this conundrum as it appears in the child psychoanalytic setting and whether it is possible to shift from one’s usual theoretical point of view to include alternate theoretical perspectives – and thus, to gain a more complete “truth”, as Vaihinger and Appiah suggest we should aspire to – as the clinical situation allows.

中文翻译：

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有用的谎言：对儿童分析中多元主义必要性的辩护

摘要 19 世纪晚期的哲学家 Hans Vaihinger 和杰出的当代哲学家 Kwame Anthony Appiah 认为，为了看到更完整的世界图景，我们需要多张图片来观察它，而不仅仅是一张。这个真理伴随着认识论的负担和令人不便的事实，即人类的大脑无法同时处理多个图像或理论。因此，精神分析临床医生在治疗患者时倾向于选择一种理论作为指导。在本文中，我将提供一些方法来思考这个难题，因为它出现在儿童精神分析环境中，以及是否有可能从一个人通常的理论观点转变为包括替代理论观点——从而获得更完整的“真相”，