The plants follow various strategies for adapting and mitigating climatic and environmental stresses. This offers an opportunity to comprehend adaptation and mitigation mechanisms under changing climate and environment emerging from vehicular emissions. We deployed an approach, i.e., physiological (Phy) and biophysical (Bioph) functional traits (FTs) based approach to understand plant response for assessing adaptation and mitigation potential for offsetting long-term urban climate and environment. We investigated Phy and Bioph FTs of adaptation, especially transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs) and resistance (SRes), water use efficiency (WUE), carboxylation efficiency (CE), mesophyll efficiency (ME), leaf thickness (LTh), and mitigation FTs, including CO₂ assimilation rate (A), leaf dust retention efficiency (DRE), and cooling impacts (CI) of the roadside plantation (Delonix regia and Callistemon viminalis). The study reported the significant effects of the roadside urban environment on the modulation of FTs, one of the strategies that plants follow to adapt and mitigate the urban climate. The C. viminalis was reported as having a better adaptive nature with higher mitigation potential than the D. regia. It is advocated that the approach deployed in the study could be exploited for identifying more adaptive plantation species to develop urban green belts for mitigating urban climate and environments.

这些植物遵循各种策略来适应和减轻气候和环境压力。这为了解汽车排放导致的气候和环境变化下的适应和缓解机制提供了机会。我们部署了一种方法，即基于生理 (Phy) 和生物物理 (Bioph) 功能性状 (FTs) 的方法来了解植物反应，以评估适应和缓解长期城市气候和环境的潜力。我们研究了适应的 Phy 和 Bioph FT，尤其是蒸腾速率 ( E )、气孔导度 (Gs ) 和阻力 ( SRes )、水分利用效率 (WUE)、羧化效率 (CE)、叶肉效率 (ME)、叶片厚度 ( LTh) 和缓解 FTs，包括 CO ₂路边种植园（ Delonix regia和Callistemon viminalis ）的同化率 ( A )、叶尘保留效率 (DRE) 和冷却影响 (CI )。该研究报告了路边城市环境对 FT 调节的显着影响，这是植物适应和缓解城市气候的策略之一。据报道， C. viminalis比D. regia具有更好的适应性和更高的缓解潜力。有人主张，研究中采用的方法可用于确定更具适应性的种植园物种，以开发城市绿化带，以缓解城市气候和环境。