Foilless diode are widely used in high-power microwave devices, but the traditional foilless diodes have large volume, heavy weight, and high power consumption, which are not conducive to the application of high-power microwave system on mobile platform. In order to reduce the size of the foilless diode, improve the transmission efficiency of electron beams, and reduce the weight and power consumption of the guiding magnetic field system, an axial foilless diode with a composite guiding magnetic field system is developed in this paper. By adjusting the structure size and magnetic field parameters of solenoid coil, permanent magnet, and soft magnet, the configuration of the composite magnetic field is optimized. The diameter of the anode tube is about 40% smaller than that of the original structure, and the weight and power consumption of the guiding magnetic system are about 40% lower than that of the original system when the same axial magnetic field intensity in the uniform region is generated. When the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet is set as 1.4 T and that of the solenoid coil is in the range of 0.5 T∼1 T, the electron beam transmission efficiency is 100%, and the diode impedance is adjustable in the range of 100 Ω∼240 Ω. The experimental results verify the correctness of the simulation analysis. The experimental results show that when the magnetic field strength of the solenoid coil is 0.98 T (0.5 T) and that of the permanent magnet is 1.4 T, the transmission efficiency of the high-current annular electron beam with a peak voltage of 636 kV (590 kV) and a peak current of 3.3 kA (2.6 kA) is 100%, and the diode impedance is about 194 Ω (220 Ω).

中文翻译：

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复合磁场引导产生相对论电子束的轴向无箔二极管

无箔二极管广泛应用于大功率微波器件，但传统无箔二极管体积大、重量重、功耗大，不利于大功率微波系统在移动平台上的应用。为了减小无箔二极管的尺寸，提高电子束的传输效率，降低引导磁场系统的重量和功耗，本文研制了一种复合引导磁场系统的轴向无箔二极管。通过调整电磁线圈、永磁体和软磁体的结构尺寸和磁场参数，优化了复合磁场的配置。阳极管直径比原结构小40%左右，在均匀区域产生相同的轴向磁场强度时，导向磁系统的重量和功耗比原系统降低约40%。当永磁体的磁场强度设置为1.4 T，螺线管线圈的磁场强度在0.5 T∼1 T范围内时，电子束传输效率为100%，二极管阻抗可在以下范围内调节100Ω～240Ω。实验结果验证了仿真分析的正确性。实验结果表明，当电磁线圈磁场强度为0.98 T（0.5 T），永磁体磁场强度为1.4 T时，峰值电压为636 kV的大电流环形电子束的传输效率（ 590 kV) 和 3.3 kA (2.6 kA) 的峰值电流为 100%，