Noble gas isotope systematics of ocean island basalts (OIB) provide evidence for relatively undegassed and primitive mantle sources. These OIB sources partly derive from the deep mantle by virtue of their distinctiveness from mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB), which dominantly sample upper mantle. New helium, neon and argon isotope data are presented for Canary Islands lavas, carbonatites and cumulate and mantle xenoliths confirming ³He/⁴He ratios that are the same or lower than MORB, but that are heterogeneous (∼3–9.5R_A) within and between islands in the archipelago. Neon and Ar isotope systematics for lavas are mostly within the range of air compositions. Harzburgite xenoliths from Lanzarote, which are interpreted to represent ancient refractory mantle residues, have distinct He-Ne-Ar isotope systematics from lavas or cumulate xenoliths. The harzburgites are characterized by forsteritic olivine (>Fo₉₁) with uniformly low-³He/⁴He (6.6 ± 0.2R_A), high ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar (630–4900), and have Ne isotope compositions that range between air values or that are similar or more nucleogenic than depleted MORB mantle (DMM). Similar refractory mantle peridotites have been discovered as xenoliths at other OIB localities and are likely to be distinct from continental lithospheric mantle. Refractory mantle (RM), which by virtue of its high melting temperature is difficult to partially melt, may be a significant component in the convecting mantle and has potential to impart a cryptic noble gas signature to partial melts in intraplate, divergent and convergent margin settings. In this sense, RM may represent a ‘sixth mantle component’ after DMM, high-µ (high ²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb; HIMU), enriched mantle endmembers (EMI, EMII) and the ‘focus zone’ (FOZO). An RM-type component may be presented in the older eastern Canary Islands and possibly in recent rejuvenated volcanism from Teide (Tenerife). Canary Island intraplate volcanism samples multiple mantle components, confirming that the most gas-rich mantle sources involved in magmatism dominate OIB noble gas compositions.

海洋岛玄武岩（OIB）的稀有气体同位素系统学为相对未脱气和原始的地幔源提供了证据。这些 OIB 来源部分来源于深部地幔，因为它们与大洋中脊玄武岩 (MORB) 不同，后者主要采样上地幔。提供了加那利群岛熔岩、碳酸盐岩和堆积物和地幔捕虏体的新氦、氖和氩同位素数据，证实³ He/ ⁴ He 比率与 MORB 相同或更低，但不均匀（~3-9.5R _A) 群岛内和岛屿之间。熔岩的氖和 Ar 同位素系统学主要在空气成分范围内。来自 Lanzarote 的 Harzburgite 捕虏体被解释为代表古老的难熔地幔残留物，具有来自熔岩或累积捕虏体的独特的 He-Ne-Ar 同位素系统学特征。_方铅矿的特征是镁橄榄石 (>Fo ₉₁ )，具有均匀的低³ He/ ⁴ He (6.6 ± 0.2RA )，高⁴⁰ Ar/ ³⁶Ar (630–4900)，并具有介于空气值之间或与耗尽的 MORB 地幔 (DMM) 相似或更成核的 Ne 同位素组成。在其他 OIB 地区也发现了类似的难熔地幔橄榄岩作为捕虏体，并且很可能与大陆岩石圈地幔不同。难熔地幔 (RM) 因其高熔化温度而难以部分熔化，可能是对流地幔中的重要组成部分，并有可能在板内、发散和收敛边缘环境中为部分熔体赋予神秘的惰性气体特征. 从这个意义上说，RM 可能代表 DMM 之后的“第六地幔成分”，高-µ（高²³⁸ U/ ²⁰⁴铅；HIMU）、富集的地幔端元（EMI、EMII）和“焦点区”（FOZO）。RM 型成分可能出现在较老的加那利群岛东部，也可能出现在最近从泰德（特内里费岛）恢复活力的火山活动中。加那利岛板内火山活动对多个地幔成分进行了采样，证实了与岩浆作用有关的最富含气体的地幔源支配着 OIB 惰性气体成分。