While there is a tremendous amount of scientific research on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for gas storage/separation, catalysis and energy storage, the development and application of biocompatible MOFs still poses major challenges. In general, they can be synthesised from various biocompatible linkers and metal ions but particularly cyclodextrins (CDs) as cyclic oligosaccharides are an astute choice for the former. Although the field of CD-MOF materials is still in the early stages and their design and fabrication comes with many hurdles, the benefits coming from CDs built in a porous framework are exciting. Versatile host-guest complexation abilities, high encapsulation capacity and hydrophilicity are among the valuable properties inherent to CDs and offer extended and novel applications to MOFs. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art synthesis, design, properties and applications of these materials. Initially, a rationale for the preparation of CD-based MOFs is provided, based on the chemical and structural properties of CDs and including their advantages and disadvantages. Further on, the review exhaustively surveys CD-MOF based materials by categorising them into three sub-classes, namely (i) CD-MOFs, (ii) CD-MOF hybrids, obtained via combination with external materials, and (iii) CD-MOF-derived materials prepared under pyrolytic conditions. Subsequently, CD-based MOFs in practical applications, such as drug delivery and cancer therapy, sensors, gas storage, (enantiomer) separations, electrical devices, food industry, and agriculture, are discussed. We conclude by summarizing the state of the art in the field and highlighting some promising future developments of CD-MOFs.

中文翻译：

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环糊精金属有机骨架和衍生物：最新发展和应用

尽管对用于储气/分离、催化和储能的金属有机骨架（MOFs）进行了大量科学研究，但生物相容性MOFs的开发和应用仍面临重大挑战。通常，它们可以由各种生物相容性接头和金属离子合成，但特别是环糊精 (CD) 作为环状寡糖是前者的明智选择。尽管 CD-MOF 材料领域仍处于早期阶段，并且它们的设计和制造存在许多障碍，但在多孔框架中构建的 CD 带来的好处令人兴奋。多功能的主客体络合能力、高封装能力和亲水性是 CD 固有的宝贵特性，并为 MOF 提供了扩展和新颖的应用。在本次审查中，我们概述了这些材料的最新合成、设计、性能和应用。最初，基于 CD 的化学和结构特性，包括它们的优缺点，提供了制备基于 CD 的 MOF 的基本原理。此外，该审查通过将基于 CD-MOF 的材料分为三个子类，即 (i) CD-MOFs，(ii) CD-MOF 混合材料，对基于 CD-MOF 的材料进行了详尽的调查，获得通过与外部材料结合，以及 (iii) 在热解条件下制备的 CD-MOF 衍生材料。随后，讨论了基于 CD 的 MOF 在实际应用中的应用，例如药物输送和癌症治疗、传感器、气体储存、（对映异构体）分离、电气设备、食品工业和农业。最后，我们总结了该领域的最新技术并强调了 CD-MOF 的一些有希望的未来发展。