Although pain phenotype affects clinical score in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), little information has been available on the relationship between pain phenotype and gait analysis. The purpose was to investigate the relationship between pain phenotype and gait parameters. A total of 34 patients (24 females and 10 males) with end-stage medial compartmental knee OA participated. All the patients were evaluated based on pain detect questionnaire (PD-Q) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS). They were divided into two categories: Group Low (PD-Q score ≤ 12) and Group High (PD-Q score > 12), PCS + (PCS ≥ 23) and PCS- (PCS < 23). Gait analysis was performed using three-dimensional motion analysis system. Statistical analysis was done to compare gait parameters between groups for each allocation of PD-Q or PCS, separately. Peak vertical ground reaction forces in Group Low and High were 0.99 ± 0.054 and 0.82 ± 0.17, respectively (P = 0.015). Peak knee adduction moments in Group Low and High were 0.70 ± 0.19 and 0.39 ± 0.14, respectively (P = 0.0022). For PCS allocation, knee extension limitation during mid-stance during gait were significantly larger in PCS- (P = 0.038). Patients with high PD-Q score had atypical gait pattern with smaller peak vertical ground reaction force and knee adduction moment, compared to patients with low PD-Q score. Moreover, patient with low PCS had different gait pattern in extension limitation, compared to those with high PCS. PD-Q and PCS would affect gait pattern in patients with knee OA. Level of evidence: III.

中文翻译：

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疼痛检测问卷和疼痛灾难化量表对膝骨关节炎患者步态模式的影响

尽管疼痛表型会影响膝关节骨关节炎 (OA) 患者的临床评分，但关于疼痛表型与步态分析之间关系的信息很少。目的是研究疼痛表型和步态参数之间的关系。共有 34 名终末期膝关节内侧室 OA 患者（24 名女性和 10 名男性）参加。根据疼痛检测问卷（PD-Q）和疼痛灾难化量表（PCS）对所有患者进行评估。它们分为两类：低组（PD-Q 评分 ≤ 12）和高组（PD-Q 评分 > 12）、PCS +（PCS ≥ 23）和 PCS-（PCS < 23）。使用三维运动分析系统进行步态分析。进行统计分析以分别比较每次分配 PD-Q 或 PCS 的组间步态参数。低组和高组的峰值垂直地面反作用力分别为 0.99 ± 0.054 和 0.82 ± 0.17 (P = 0.015)。低组和高组的峰值膝关节内收力矩分别为 0.70 ± 0.19 和 0.39 ± 0.14 (P = 0.0022)。对于 PCS 分配，在 PCS- 中，步态中站位期间的膝关节伸展受限明显更大（P = 0.038）。与 PD-Q 评分低的患者相比，PD-Q 评分高的患者具有不典型的步态模式，峰值垂直地面反作用力和膝关节内收力矩较小。此外，与高 PCS 患者相比，低 PCS 患者的伸展受限步态模式不同。PD-Q 和 PCS 会影响膝关节 OA 患者的步态模式。证据等级：III。低组和高组的峰值膝关节内收力矩分别为 0.70 ± 0.19 和 0.39 ± 0.14 (P = 0.0022)。对于 PCS 分配，在 PCS- 中，步态中站位期间的膝关节伸展受限明显更大（P = 0.038）。与 PD-Q 评分低的患者相比，PD-Q 评分高的患者具有不典型的步态模式，峰值垂直地面反作用力和膝关节内收力矩较小。此外，与高 PCS 患者相比，低 PCS 患者的伸展受限步态模式不同。PD-Q 和 PCS 会影响膝关节 OA 患者的步态模式。证据等级：III。低组和高组的峰值膝关节内收力矩分别为 0.70 ± 0.19 和 0.39 ± 0.14 (P = 0.0022)。对于 PCS 分配，在 PCS- 中，步态中站位期间的膝关节伸展受限明显更大（P = 0.038）。与 PD-Q 评分低的患者相比，PD-Q 评分高的患者具有不典型的步态模式，峰值垂直地面反作用力和膝关节内收力矩较小。此外，与高 PCS 患者相比，低 PCS 患者的伸展受限步态模式不同。PD-Q 和 PCS 会影响膝关节 OA 患者的步态模式。证据等级：III。与 PD-Q 评分低的患者相比，PD-Q 评分高的患者具有不典型的步态模式，峰值垂直地面反作用力和膝关节内收力矩较小。此外，与高 PCS 患者相比，低 PCS 患者的伸展受限步态模式不同。PD-Q 和 PCS 会影响膝关节 OA 患者的步态模式。证据等级：III。与 PD-Q 评分低的患者相比，PD-Q 评分高的患者具有不典型的步态模式，峰值垂直地面反作用力和膝关节内收力矩较小。此外，与高 PCS 患者相比，低 PCS 患者的伸展受限步态模式不同。PD-Q 和 PCS 会影响膝关节 OA 患者的步态模式。证据等级：III。