The short resting period technique (i.e., deliberate stoppage of the substrate supply) for anaerobic digestion (AD) leads to accumulation of microbes using residual substrate, which could be an effective method to achieve microbial proliferation without additional investment/operating costs. The composition of substrate must influence the increase of microbes. However, even the effect of the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of substrate, a basic and important parameter in AD, on this phenomenon is unclear. This study aimed at clarifying the effect of the C/N ratio of food waste and the short resting period on microbial accumulation. Food waste was semi-continuously treated at a loading rate of 3.0 g-VS L⁻¹ d⁻¹ for 40 d, after which a deliberate resting period was provided. By the third day of the resting period, the cell density increased by 2.63, 2.57, 2.16, and 1.61 folds in the 13:1, 18:1, 23:1, and 31:1 C/N substrate conditions, respectively. It was revealed that food waste with a lower C/N ratio has the potential to accumulate more microbes, with nitrogen degradation increasing during the resting period. The microorganisms may have consumed the residual nitrogen-bearing protein, which has higher biomass yields than easily degradable carbohydrates. The dominant microbial community structure was almost maintained, suggesting that stable AD under higher organic loading rates could be achieved by the accumulated microbes upon feeding resumption. The short resting period technique may likewise help in reducing accumulated residual substrate, and in shortening the start-up period of methane fermentation in AD facilities.

用于厌氧消化 (AD) 的短休止期技术（即故意停止底物供应）导致使用残留底物积累微生物，这可能是一种无需额外投资/运营成本即可实现微生物增殖的有效方法。底物的组成必须影响微生物的增加。然而，即使是底物的碳氮比（C / N）（AD中的一个基本且重要的参数）对这种现象的影响也不清楚。本研究旨在阐明食物垃圾的 C/N 比和较短的静止期对微生物积累的影响。^{以 3.0 g-VS L -1} d ^-1的负载率对食物垃圾进行半连续处理40 d，之后有一段刻意的休息时间。到休止期的第三天，在13:1、18:1、23:1和31:1 C/N底物条件下，细胞密度分别增加了2.63、2.57、2.16和1.61倍。结果表明，具有较低 C/N 比的食物垃圾有可能积累更多的微生物，在静止期氮降解增加。微生物可能已经消耗了残留的含氮蛋白质，其生物质产量高于易降解碳水化合物。主要的微生物群落结构几乎保持不变，这表明在恢复喂养时积累的微生物可以在较高的有机负荷率下实现稳定的 AD。短休息期技术同样有助于减少积累的残留底物，