Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an expansive class of extended solids formed by coordination bonding between metal ions/clusters and organic ligands. Although MOFs are best known for their intrinsic porosity, they are now also emerging as an unusual set of porous, electrical, and ionic conductors that could address a number of applications in energy storage and generation. In this review, we focus on intrinsic ionic conductivity in MOFs and outline approaches for achieving high ionic conductivities. First, we highlight the use of noncoordinating acidic groups to integrate anions into MOF organic linkers. Next, we discuss the use of open metal sites to anchor anions and generate mobile ions. Then, we discuss the use of postsynthetic modifications to graft anions onto ligands and defect sites. Finally, we outline several unexplored approaches to improving ionic conductivity in MOFs and highlight several potential new applications.

中文翻译：

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教授金属有机框架的传导：金​​属有机框架中的离子和电子传输

金属有机框架（MOF）是一类广泛的扩展固体，由金属离子/簇和有机配体之间的配位键形成。尽管 MOF 因其固有的孔隙率而闻名，但它们现在也作为一组不寻常的多孔、电和离子导体而出现，可以满足能源存储和发电领域的许多应用需求。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注 MOF 的固有离子电导率，并概述了实现高离子电导率的方法。首先，我们重点介绍使用非配位酸性基团将阴离子整合到 MOF 有机连接体中。接下来，我们讨论使用开放金属位点来锚定阴离子并产生移动离子。然后，我们讨论了使用合成后修饰将阴离子接枝到配体和缺陷位点上。最后，我们概述了几种尚未探索的提高 MOF 离子电导率的方法，并强调了几种潜在的新应用。