The self-assembly phenomenon plays a significant role in atomic, molecular, and biological self-assemblies. This phenomenon has also been found in colloidal nanocrystals (NCs). Self-assembly of colloidal NCs into superstructures is a flexible and promising approach for manipulating nanometre-sized particles and exploiting physical and chemical properties that are distinct from both individual nanoparticles and bulk assemblies. The development of superlattices (SLs) of colloidal perovskite NCs through self-assembly has recently attracted remarkable attention; it is quickly developing as a new frontier in nanotechnology. This review presents the different driving forces, crucial factors for self-assembly of perovskite NCs, recent developments in the synthesis, and properties of self-assembled colloidal perovskite NCs. We also discuss the formation of various SLs from perovskite NCs with different morphologies. Finally, we shed light on multiple challenges in developing numerous perovskite SLs for optoelectronic devices.

自组装现象在原子、分子和生物的自组装中发挥着重要作用。在胶体纳米晶体 (NC) 中也发现了这种现象。将胶体 NC 自组装成超结构是一种灵活且有前途的方法，用于操纵纳米尺寸的颗粒并利用与单个纳米颗粒和块状组装体不同的物理和化学特性。通过自组装开发胶体钙钛矿 NCs 的超晶格 (SLs) 最近引起了极大的关注。它正在迅速发展为纳米技术的新前沿。本综述介绍了钙钛矿 NCs 自组装的不同驱动力、关键因素、合成的最新进展以及自组装胶体钙钛矿 NCs 的性质。我们还讨论了从具有不同形态的钙钛矿 NC 形成各种 SL。最后，我们阐明了为光电器件开发大量钙钛矿 SL 的多重挑战。