Cerebro-cerebellar Dysconnectivity in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

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Cerebro-cerebellar Dysconnectivity in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.035
Pan Wang ₁ , Jianlin Wang ₁ , Yuan Jiang ₁ , Zedong Wang ₁ , Chun Meng ₁ , F Xavier Castellanos ₂ , Bharat B Biswal ₃

Affiliation

Objective

Abnormal cerebellar development has been implicated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) has yet to be examined in ADHD. Our objective is to investigate the disturbed cerebro-cerebellar FC in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Method

We analyzed a dataset of 106 individuals with ADHD (68 children, 38 adolescents) and 62 healthy comparison individuals (34 children, 28 adolescents) from the publicly available ADHD-200 dataset. We identified 7 cerebellar subregions based on cerebro-cerebellar FC and subsequently obtained the FC maps of cerebro-cerebellar networks. The main effects of ADHD and age and their interaction were examined using 2-way analysis of variance.

Results

Compared to comparisons, ADHD showed higher cerebro-cerebellar FC in the superior temporal gyrus within the somatomotor network. Interactions of diagnosis and age were identified in the supplementary motor area and postcentral gyrus within the somatomotor network and middle temporal gyrus within the ventral attention network. Follow-up Pearson correlation analysis revealed decreased cerebro-cerebellar FC in these regions with increasing age in comparisons, whereas the opposite pattern of increased cerebro-cerebellar FC occurred in ADHD.

Conclusion

Increased cerebro-cerebellar FC in the superior temporal gyrus within the somatomotor network could underlie impairments in cognitive control and somatic motor function in ADHD. In addition, increasing cerebro-cerebellar FC in older participants with ADHD suggests that enhanced cerebellar involvement may compensate for dysfunctions of the cerebral cortex in ADHD.

中文翻译：

患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍的儿童和青少年的脑-小脑连接障碍

客观的

小脑发育异常与注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 有关，尽管大脑-小脑功能连接 (FC) 尚未在 ADHD 中得到检验。我们的目标是调查患有 ADHD 的儿童和青少年的脑-小脑 FC 紊乱。

方法

我们分析了来自公开可用的 ADHD-200 数据集的 106 名 ADHD 患者（68 名儿童，38 名青少年）和 62 名健康对照者（34 名儿童，28 名青少年）的数据集。我们基于脑-小脑 FC 确定了 7 个小脑子区域，随后获得了脑-小脑网络的 FC 图。ADHD 和年龄及其交互作用的主要影响使用 2-way 方差分析进行了检查。

结果

与比较相比，ADHD 在躯体运动网络内的颞上回显示出更高的脑小脑 FC。在躯体运动网络内的辅助运动区和中央后回以及腹侧注意网络内的颞中回确定了诊断与年龄的相互作用。后续 Pearson 相关分析显示，在比较中，随着年龄的增加，这些区域的脑-小脑 FC 减少，而 ADHD 中出现相反的脑-小脑 FC 增加模式。