High nitrogen concentration of groundwater poses a threat to human health. This study evaluated the potential health risk of nitrogen pollution in Yinchuan plain by geostatistical analysis and triangular stochastic model considering different land use types, and identified the uncertainties of the parameters. 163 samples were collected from groundwater wells in different land use types. The results show that the concentration of NO₃⁻-N ranges from 0.059 to 450 mg/L, with an average of 22.439 mg/L. Approximately 32% of the samples exceed Grade III threshold (20 mg/L of N). The concentration of NH₄⁺-N ranges from 0.011 to 11 mg/L, with an average of 0.456 mg/L. The concentration of NO₂⁻-N ranges from 0.003 to 9.09 mg/L The NO₃⁻-N and NH₄⁺-N concentration in the groundwater of the unutilized land use is significantly lowest among all the land types. The concentration of nitrogen is highest in farmland use. The ranking of non-carcinogenic risk under different land types for infants, children, adult males and females is: farmland use > residential land use> unutilized land use. The non-carcinogenic risk value of farmland use is three times as much as that of the residential land use. Drinking groundwater can be potentially harmful to human health, and nitrogen pollutants pose an even greater threat to infant. At the same time, considering the impact of different land use types on groundwater would avoid overestimating or underestimating regional risk value. Triangular stochastic model is more sensitive to data changes and can reduce uncertainty. The contribution rate of nitrate concentration to risk is more than 83%, indicating that random sampling is needed to improve the reliability of evaluation results. The research results of this study will provide a new way to solve the uncertainty in groundwater security management.

地下水的高氮浓度对人类健康构成威胁。本研究通过考虑不同土地利用类型的地统计分析和三角随机模型评估了银川平原氮污染的潜在健康风险，并确定了参数的不确定性。从不同土地利用类型的地下水井中采集了 163 个样品。结果表明，NO ₃ ^- -N 的浓度范围为0.059～450 mg/L，平均为22.439 mg/L。大约 32% 的样品超过了 III 级阈值（20 mg/L 的 N）。NH ₄ ⁺ -N的浓度范围为0.011～11 mg/L，平均为0.456 mg/L。_{NO 2}的浓度^--N 范围从 0.003 到 9.09 mg/L NO ₃ ^- -N 和 NH ₄ ⁺在所有土地类型中，未利用土地利用地下水中的-N浓度显着最低。农田利用中氮的浓度最高。婴儿、儿童、成年男性和女性在不同土地类型下的非致癌风险排序为：耕地利用>住宅用地>未利用土地利用。农田利用的非致癌风险值是住宅用地的三倍。饮用地下水可能对人体健康有害，而氮污染物对婴儿的威胁更大。同时，考虑不同土地利用类型对地下水的影响，可以避免高估或低估区域风险价值。三角随机模型对数据变化更敏感，可以减少不确定性。硝酸盐浓度对风险的贡献率超过83%，表明需要随机抽样来提高评价结果的可靠性。本研究的研究成果将为解决地下水安全管理中的不确定性提供新的途径。