Detecting and interpreting higher-order interactions in ecological communities,Ecology Letters

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Detecting and interpreting higher-order interactions in ecological communities
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-01 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.14022
Andrew R Kleinhesselink ₁ , Nathan J B Kraft ₁ , Stephen W Pacala ₂ , Jonathan M Levine ₂

Affiliation

When species simultaneously compete with two or more species of competitor, higher-order interactions (HOIs) can lead to emergent properties not present when species interact in isolated pairs. To extend ecological theory to multi-competitor communities, ecologists must confront the challenges of measuring and interpreting HOIs in models of competition fit to data from nature. Such efforts are hindered by the fact that different studies use different definitions, and these definitions have unclear relationships to one another. Here, we propose a distinction between ‘soft’ HOIs, which identify possible interaction modification by competitors, and ‘hard’ HOIs, which identify interactions uniquely emerging in systems with three or more competitors. We show how these two classes of HOI differ in their motivation and interpretation, as well as the tests one uses to identify them in models fit to data. We then show how to operationalise this structure of definitions by analysing the results of a simulated competition experiment underlain by a consumer resource model. In the course of doing so, we clarify the challenges of interpreting HOIs in nature, and suggest a more precise framing of this research endeavour to catalyse further investigations.

中文翻译：

检测和解释生态群落中的高阶相互作用

当物种同时与两种或多种竞争者竞争时，高阶相互作用 (HOI) 会导致当物种以孤立的对相互作用时不存在的紧急特性。要将生态理论扩展到多竞争社区，生态学家必须面对在适合自然数据的竞争模型中测量和解释 HOI 的挑战。不同的研究使用不同的定义这一事实阻碍了这种努力，并且这些定义彼此之间的关系不明确。在这里，我们提出了“软”HOI 和“硬”HOI 之间的区别，“软”HOI 可以识别竞争对手可能进行的交互修改，“硬”HOI 可以识别在具有三个或更多竞争对手的系统中唯一出现的交互。我们展示了这两类 HOI 在动机和解释上有何不同，以及用于在适合数据的模型中识别它们的测试。然后，我们通过分析消费者资源模型所依据的模拟竞争实验的结果来展示如何操作这种定义结构。在此过程中，我们阐明了解释自然 HOI 的挑战，并建议对这项研究工作进行更精确的框架，以促进进一步的研究。

更新日期：2022-06-01

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