Since the proposal of the concept of topological superconductivity in condensed-matter physics, a new chapter has opened in the history of the development of topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Topological superconductors have become the main candidate materials for realizing topological quantum computing due to the Majorana zero-energy mode satisfying non-Abelian statistics on the boundary. In recent years, great progress has been achieved in both experiment and theory. The iron-based superconductors provide a single material with high-T_c superconductivity and Dirac topological surface states, which enable the easy detection and control of the MZMs in a single material at high temperature. Here, we review the current status of the exploration of MZMs in high-temperature iron-based thin film and bulk superconductors, especially the basic concepts and recent experimental results, paying particular attention to the observation of Dirac cone-type topological surface bands (nontrivial topology in the band structures) and the zero-bias conductance peak by STM/S.

自从凝聚态物理中拓扑超导概念的提出以来，拓扑超导和马约拉纳零模（MZMs）的发展史翻开了新的篇章。由于在边界上满足非阿贝尔统计的马约拉纳零能模式，拓扑超导体已成为实现拓扑量子计算的主要候选材料。近年来，无论是实验还是理论，都取得了长足的进步。铁基超导体提供具有高T _{c的单一材料}超导性和狄拉克拓扑表面态，这使得在高温下可以轻松检测和控制单一材料中的 MZM。在此，我们回顾了MZMs在高温铁基薄膜和块体超导体中的探索现状，特别是基本概念和最近的实验结果，特别关注狄拉克锥型拓扑表面带（nontrivial带结构中的拓扑结构）和STM / S的零偏置电导峰。