Nanosized energy storage, energy harvesting, and functional devices are the three key components for integrated self-power systems. Here, we report on nanoscale electrochemical devices with a nearly 3-fold-enhanced stored charge under the field effect. We demonstrated the field-effect transistor can not only work as a functional component in nanodevices but also serve as an amplifier for the nanosized energy-storage blocks. This unusual increase in energy storage is attributed to having a wide range of accessible electronic density of states (EDOS), and, hence, redox reactions are occurring within the nanowire and not being confined to the surface. Initial results with MoS₂ suggest that this field-effect-modulated energy-storage mechanism may also apply to many other redox-active materials. Our work demonstrates the novel application of the field effect in energy-storage devices as a universal strategy to improve ion diffusion, which can greatly enhance the charge storage ability of nanoscale devices.

纳米级能量存储、能量收集和功能器件是集成自供电系统的三个关键组件。在这里，我们报告了在场效应下具有近 3 倍增强的存储电荷的纳米级电化学装置。我们证明了场效应晶体管不仅可以作为纳米器件中的功能组件，还可以作为纳米级储能块的放大器。能量存储的这种不寻常的增加归因于具有广泛的可访问电子态密度（EDOS），因此，氧化还原反应发生在纳米线内并且不限于表面。_{MoS 2}的初步结果表明这种场效应调制的储能机制也可能适用于许多其他氧化还原活性材料。我们的工作证明了场效应在储能器件中的新颖应用，作为改善离子扩散的通用策略，可以大大提高纳米级器件的电荷存储能力。