Background and Objective: Motor dysfunction is common in the elderly, and is associated with adverse consequences. Enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia (BG-EPVSs) are considered an MRI marker of cerebral small-vessel diseases. However, the consequences of BG-EPVSs are largely unknown. In the present study, we aimed to explore the association between large numbers of BG-EPVSs and motor performance.
Methods: We prospectively recruited elderly individuals in the Neurology Department of our hospital from December 1, 2020 to January 31, 2022. Participants with > 20 BG-EPVSs on the unilateral side of the slice containing the most EPVSs were classified as the BG-EPVS group (n=99) and the rest as controls (n=193). Motor performance was assessed by quantitative gait analysis, Tinetti test, timed up-and-go (TUG) test, and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to investigate the association between BG-EPVSs and motor performance.
Results: Compared with the control group, the BG-EPVS group had lower gait speed and cadence, shorter stride length, longer TUG duration, and lower Tinetti gait test, Tinetti balance test, and SPPB scores (P< 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that BG-EPVSs were negatively related to gait speed, gait cadence, stride length, and Tinetti gait test, Tinetti balance test, and SPPB scores (ρ= – 0.539 to – 0.223, P< 0.001) and positively related to TUG duration (ρ=0.397, P< 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that BG-EPVSs were an independent risk factor of lower gait speed, shorter stride length, poor balance, and poor general physical performance after adjusting for confounders (β= – 0.313 to – 0.206, P< 0.01).
Conclusion: Large numbers of BG-EPVSs were independently related to poor gait, balance, and general physical performance in elderly individuals, which provides information about the consequences of BG-EPVSs and risk factors for motor dysfunction.

Keywords: cerebral small-vessel diseases, enlarged perivascular spaces, motor, gait, balance, physical performance


中文翻译：

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基底神经节大量扩大的血管周围空间与老年人运动表现之间的关联：一项横断面研究

背景和目的：运动功能障碍在老年人中很常见，并且与不良后果有关。基底节血管周围空间扩大 (BG-EPVSs) 被认为是脑小血管疾病的 MRI 标志物。然而，BG-EPVS 的后果在很大程度上是未知的。在本研究中，我们旨在探索大量 BG-EPVS 与运动表现之间的关联。
方法：我们前瞻性招募了2020年12月1日至2022年1月31日在我院神经内科的老年人。将包含最多EPVS的切片单侧BG-EPVS>20个的参与者分类为BG-EPVS组。 n = 99），其余作为对照（n = 193）。通过定量步态分析、Tinetti 测试、定时启动 (TUG) 测试和短物理性能电池 (SPPB) 评估运动性能。进行 Spearman 相关分析和多元线性回归分析以研究 BG-EPVS 与运动表现之间的关联。
结果：与对照组相比，BG-EPVS组的步速和步频较低，步幅较短，TUG持续时间较长，Tinetti步态测试、Tinetti平衡测试和SPPB评分较低（P < 0.01）。Spearman 相关分析显示，BG-EPVSs 与步态速度、步态节奏、步幅、Tinetti 步态测试、Tinetti 平衡测试和 SPPB 评分呈负相关（ρ= – 0.539 至 – 0.223，P < 0.001），与TUG 持续时间 (ρ=0.397, P < 0.001)。回归分析表明，在调整混杂因素后，BG-EPVS 是步速降低、步幅缩短、平衡差和一般身体机能差的独立危险因素（β = – 0.313 至 – 0.206，P< 0.01)。
结论：大量 BG-EPVS 与老年人的步态、平衡和一般身体机能不良独立相关，这提供了有关 BG-EPVS 后果和运动功能障碍危险因素的信息。

关键词：脑小血管疾病，血管周围间隙扩大，运动，步态，平衡，身体机能