Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the most important legumes for human consumption. It is highly adaptable to different edaphoclimatic conditions, being an important crop in addressing global food security challenges. The common bean production segment has undergone an intense technological advance, with a focus on the use of technologies to increase the availability of nitrogen (N) and the crops’ seed yield, while enhancing economic and ecological sustainability. Based on this, the present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Rhizobium inoculation (RI), in comparison with mineral-N fertilization (NF), on the main nodulation characteristics, yield components, and seed yield of common beans. This study represents the largest assessment yet on this topic. We used data from peer-reviewed publications and, after extensive bibliographic research, analyzed 68 studies from seven countries. We found that RI increased seed yield (32.96%) but not to the same extent as NF. The RI is on average 12.31% less efficient than NF; however, when we categorized the factors, such as the time of year when common beans were grown, the soil management system, and the soil physicochemical characteristics, the RI effects were more promising. Here we show for the first time that RI was more efficient than NF when common beans were cultivated in the dry season, under a no-tillage system, and in soils with high organic matter content, with a potentially positive impact on yields. In addition, the difference in the efficiencies of RI and NF was attenuated when common beans were grown in soils with a clay texture, eutrophic, with low to neutral acidity, and with an adequate phosphorus availability, and using at least 10 g of rhizobial inoculum per kg of seeds.

菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris）是人类食用的最重要的豆类之一。它高度适应不同的土壤气候条件，是应对全球粮食安全挑战的重要作物。普通豆类生产领域经历了巨大的技术进步，重点是使用技术来增加氮 (N) 的可用性和作物的种子产量，同时提高经济和生态可持续性。基于此，本荟萃分析旨在评估根瘤菌的影响接种 (RI) 与矿物氮肥 (NF) 相比，对普通豆的主要结瘤特征、产量成分和种子产量。这项研究代表了迄今为止对该主题的最大评估。我们使用了来自同行评审出版物的数据，经过广泛的书目研究，分析了来自 7 个国家的 68 项研究。我们发现 RI 增加了种子产量 (32.96%)，但程度与 NF 不同。RI 的效率平均比 NF 低 12.31%；然而，当我们对一年中的普通豆类生长时间、土壤管理系统和土壤理化特性等因素进行分类时，RI效应更有希望。在这里，我们首次表明，在免耕系统下，在旱季种植普通豆类时，RI 比 NF 更有效，在有机质含量高的土壤中，对产量有潜在的积极影响。此外，当普通豆类生长在具有粘土质地、富营养化、低至中性酸度、磷利用率充足且使用至少 10 g 根瘤菌接种物的土壤中时，RI 和 NF 效率的差异会减弱。每公斤种子。