Abstract

Introduction:

Sexual, gender, and erotic minorities experience oppressions that psychologically harm and impact help seeking. The aim of this review was to integrate available evidence on the uptake, barriers, and facilitators of mental health help seeking in sexual, gender, and erotic minorities.

Method:

Systematic searches were conducted in CINAHL, Medline, and Scopus for peer-reviewed articles and in Google for gray literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published in English in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries between 2008 and 2018 regarding sexual, gender, and erotic minorities older than 18 years were eligible. Quality assessments were conducted and extracted data were analyzed thematically.

Result:

Ninety documents were included in the review. Uptake is generally greater among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities, but worse in those who experience intersecting oppressions. Barriers to care manifest systemically, in services, and in individual mental health professionals (MHP) and contribute to psychological distress and impede help seeking. Protective factors (resilience, inclusion) and trained MHP counter these barriers.

Conclusion:

Despite the general prevalence and risk of mental illness among sexual, gender, and erotic minorities due to external, modifiable oppressions, opportunities for inclusive psychological care exist.

中文翻译：

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心理健康的障碍和促成因素有助于寻求性、性别和色情少数群体：系统的文献综述

摘要

介绍：

性、性别和色情的少数群体经历了心理上的伤害和影响寻求帮助的压迫。本综述的目的是整合现有证据，了解在性、性别和色情少数群体中寻求心理健康帮助的吸收、障碍和促进因素。

方法：

系统搜索在 CINAHL、Medline 和 Scopus 中进行了同行评审文章，并在 Google 中使用系统评论和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目搜索灰色文献。2008 年至 2018 年间在经济合作与发展组织国家以英文发表的关于 18 岁以上性、性别和色情少数群体的研究符合条件。进行了质量评估，并对提取的数据进行了专题分析。

结果：

审查中包括了 90 份文件。性、性别和色情少数群体的接受度通常更高，但在那些经历交叉压迫的人中更糟。护理障碍在服务和个人心理健康专业人员 (MHP) 中系统地表现出来，并导致心理困扰和阻碍寻求帮助。保护因素（恢复力、包容性）和训练有素的 MHP 可以克服这些障碍。

结论：

尽管由于外部的、可改变的压迫，性、性别和色情少数群体普遍存在精神疾病的普遍存在和风险，但仍然存在包容性心理护理的机会。