Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) often occurs after ankle trauma or repetitive micro-traumata, whereas the actual etiology remains unclear. The most common symptoms are local pain deep in the medial or lateral ankle that increases with weight-bearing and activity, accompanied by tenderness and swelling. Eventually, most patients with symptomatic or unstable OLT require surgery. Many reasonable operative techniques have been described, whereas most lead to similar and satisfactory results. They can be divided into cartilage repair, cartilage regeneration and cartilage replacement techniques. The OLT size and morphology in the first place but also surgeon and individual patient aspects are considered when it comes to surgery. For high postoperative success and low recurrence rates, underlying causes, for example, ligamentous instability and hindfoot malalignment should also be addressed during surgery.

中文翻译：

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距骨骨软骨病变：还有问题吗？

距骨骨软骨损伤（OLT）通常发生在踝关节外伤或重复性微创伤后，而实际病因仍不清楚。最常见的症状是脚踝内侧或外侧深处的局部疼痛，随着负重和活动而增加，并伴有压痛和肿胀。最终，大多数有症状或不稳定 OLT 的患者需要手术治疗。已经描述了许多合理的手术技术，而大多数都导致了相似和令人满意的结果。它们可分为软骨修复、软骨再生和软骨置换技术。在进行手术时，首先要考虑 OLT 的大小和形态，还要考虑外科医生和个体患者方面。对于高术后成功率和低复发率，潜在原因，例如，