The hydration of the shale is an important factors to the stability of borehole wall, and montmorillonite as the main component of the shale, its hydration inhibition mechanism is of great significance to maintain the stability of borehole wall of the shale. In this paper, molecular simulation software Material Studio is used to study the inhibition mechanism of potassium salt hydration inhibitors from a microscopic perspective. The results show that under the same conditions, montmorillonite has the smallest layer spacing, the largest diffusion coefficient, the smallest coordination number and the best inhibitory effect. On the whole, the parameters of potassium nitrate are significantly higher than potassium silicate and potassium carbonate; Hydration degree is low, potassium chloride inhibitor on the mechanical parameters of montmorillonite increase degree is one of the biggest, followed by potassium nitrate, potassium carbonate and potassium silicate; The effect of potassium formate on the mechanical strength of montmorillonite was similar to that of potassium chloride at higher hydration degree. Therefore, different hydration inhibitors should be selected for different hydration degrees.

页岩的水化作用是影响井壁稳定性的重要因素，而蒙脱石作为页岩的主要成分，其水化抑制机理对于保持页岩井壁的稳定性具有重要意义。本文利用分子模拟软件Material Studio从微观角度研究了钾盐水化抑制剂的抑制机理。结果表明，相同条件下，蒙脱石层间距最小，扩散系数最大，配位数最小，抑菌效果最好。综合来看，硝酸钾的各项参数明显高于硅酸钾和碳酸钾；水合度低，氯化钾缓蚀剂对蒙脱石力学参数的增加程度是最大的之一，其次是硝酸钾、碳酸钾和硅酸钾；甲酸钾对蒙脱石机械强度的影响与氯化钾在较高水化度下的影响相似。因此，应针对不同的水化程度选择不同的水化抑制剂。