Stroke is a disease with high incidence, mortality and disability rates. It is also the main cause of adult disability in developed countries. Stroke is often caused by small emboli on the inner wall of the blood vessels supplying the brain, which can lead to arterial embolism, and can also be caused by cerebrovascular or thrombotic bleeding. With the exception of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), which is a thrombolytic drug used to recanalize the occluded artery, most treatments have been demonstrated to be ineffective. Stroke can also induce peripheral organ damage. Most stroke patients have different degrees of injury to one or more organs, including the lung, heart, kidney, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and so on. In the acute phase of stroke, severe inflammation occurs in the brain, but there is strong immunosuppression in the peripheral organs, which greatly increases the risk of peripheral organ infection and aggravates organ damage. Nonneurological complications of stroke can affect treatment and prognosis, may cause serious short-term and long-term consequences and are associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased mortality. Many of these complications are preventable, and their adverse effects can be effectively mitigated by early detection and appropriate treatment with various medical measures. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism, clinical manifestations and treatment of peripheral organ injury after stroke.

中风是一种高发病率、高死亡率和高致残率的疾病。它也是发达国家成人残疾的主要原因。中风常由供脑血管内壁小栓塞引起，可导致动脉栓塞，也可由脑血管或血栓性出血引起。除了重组组织纤溶酶原激活剂 (rt-PA) 是一种用于使闭塞动脉再通的溶栓药物外，大多数治疗已被证明是无效的。中风还可诱发外周器官损伤。大多数脑卒中患者的一个或多个器官均有不同程度的损伤，包括肺、心、肾、脾、胃肠道等。在中风的急性期，大脑会出现严重的炎症，但外周器官有较强的免疫抑制作用，大大增加了外周器官感染的风险，加重了器官损害。中风的非神经系统并发症会影响治疗和预后，可能导致严重的短期和长期后果，并与住院时间延长和死亡率增加有关。其中许多并发症是可以预防的，通过早期发现和采取各种医疗措施进行适当治疗，可以有效减轻其不良影响。本文就脑卒中后周围器官损伤的病理生理机制、临床表现及治疗进行综述。中风的非神经系统并发症会影响治疗和预后，可能导致严重的短期和长期后果，并与住院时间延长和死亡率增加有关。其中许多并发症是可以预防的，通过早期发现和采取各种医疗措施进行适当治疗，可以有效减轻其不良影响。本文就脑卒中后周围器官损伤的病理生理机制、临床表现及治疗进行综述。中风的非神经系统并发症会影响治疗和预后，可能导致严重的短期和长期后果，并与住院时间延长和死亡率增加有关。其中许多并发症是可以预防的，通过早期发现和采取各种医疗措施进行适当治疗，可以有效减轻其不良影响。本文就脑卒中后周围器官损伤的病理生理机制、临床表现及治疗进行综述。