Abstract

Objectives

This review aimed to summarize the currently available premium evidence to determine the effect of virtual reality (VR) on executive function (EF) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to detect what level of immersive VR would be the most beneficial.

Method

Five electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched. Our research team screened the studies and extracted data according to our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of each study was rated using the PEDro scale. When three or more studies reported the same outcome, a meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1.

Results

Finally, 14 randomized controlled trials with a total of 518 participants were included. VR training had an overall positive effect on cognitive flexibility, global cognitive function, attention, and short-term memory compared to the control groups. Additionally, semi-immersive VR was more effective in improving cognitive flexibility compared to the other two types of VR. The application of non-immersive level of VR had a significant effect on global cognitive function, attention, short-term memory, and cognitive flexibility.

Conclusion

VR may be effective in improving EF in older adults with MCI. However, the level of immersive VR that would be the most beneficial on EF still needs to be investigated with a greater number of well-designed studies.

中文翻译：

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虚拟现实对轻度认知障碍老年人执行功能的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析

摘要

目标

这篇综述旨在总结当前可用的优质证据，以确定虚拟现实 (VR) 对轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 老年人执行功能 (EF) 的影响，并检测什么水平的沉浸式 VR 最有益.

方法

检索了 PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL 和 Cochrane Library 五个电子数据库。我们的研究团队根据我们的纳入标准筛选研究并提取数据。使用 PEDro 量表对每项研究的方法学质量进行评级。当三项或更多研究报告相同结果时，使用 Review Manager 5.4.1 进行荟萃分析。

结果

最后，共包括 518 名参与者的 14 项随机对照试验。与对照组相比，VR 训练对认知灵活性、整体认知功能、注意力和短期记忆有整体积极影响。此外，与其他两种类型的 VR 相比，半沉浸式 VR 在提高认知灵活性方面更为有效。非沉浸式 VR 的应用对整体认知功能、注意力、短期记忆和认知灵活性有显着影响。

结论

VR 可能有效改善患有 MCI 的老年人的 EF。然而，对 EF 最有益的沉浸式 VR 水平仍需要通过更多精心设计的研究来研究。