This study explores the influence of individual and relational predictors on bullying perpetration/victimization among semi-professional team sport players in North Cyprus. Three variables reflect on an individual’s level characteristics (e.g., gender, age, and nationality), and another one, representing the relational level factor (e.g., negative coaching behavior). The current paper obtained data from athletes through convenient sampling technique and online survey utilization. A total of 190 sports players with an average age of 24.77 (SD = 4.52) participated. All participants were club athletes from 16 diverse nations, competing in four different sports disciplines: football, volleyball, handball, and basketball. Hierarchical regression analysis was implemented to evaluate the above underlying linkages. It was found that age, nationality, and the coach’s negative personal rapport significantly predicted bullying victimization dynamics among athletes. Bullying perpetration was only predicted by negative personal rapport with the coach but not by any of the individual level predictors. The moderation analysis showed that negative personal rapport with the coach significantly predicted the level of bullying victimization, the age and the nationality of the athlete moderated the relationship between the negative personal rapport and bullying victimization. In other words, the negative personal rapport had a higher effect on bullying victimization for the younger athletes and for international ones. Such findings have the potential to shape the base for further ongoing works, which could underline the critical demand for more emphasis and analysis of nationality, gender, age, and coach’s negative rapport on bullying perpetration or victimization. The significance of the study’s findings, its limits, and potential paths for further interpersonal violence research are addressed.

本研究探讨了个人和关系预测因素对北塞浦路斯半职业团队运动员欺凌行为/受害的影响。三个变量反映个人的水平特征（例如，性别、年龄和国籍），另一个变量代表关系水平因素（例如，消极的教练行为）。本论文通过方便的抽样技术和在线调查利用从运动员那里获得数据。共有 190 名平均年龄为 24.77（SD = 4.52）的体育运动员参加。所有参与者都是来自 16 个不同国家的俱乐部运动员，参加了四个不同的运动项目：足球、排球、手球和篮球。实施分层回归分析以评估上述潜在联系。发现年龄、国籍、教练的负面个人关系显着预测了运动员之间的欺凌受害动态。欺凌行为只能通过与教练的负面个人关系来预测，而不是任何个人水平的预测因素。调节分析表明，与教练的负面人际关系显着预测了欺凌受害程度，运动员的年龄和国籍调节了消极人际关系与欺凌受害之间的关系。换句话说，负面的个人关系对年轻运动员和国际运动员的欺凌受害影响更大。这些发现有可能为进一步的正在进行的工作奠定基础，这可能强调对国籍、性别、年龄、以及教练对欺凌行为或受害行为的负面评价。研究结果的重要性、局限性以及进一步研究人际暴力的潜在途径都得到了解决。