Background: Despite a robust consensus regarding the potentially negative implications of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), research investigating risk and protective factors—particularly among well-functioning young adults—is scant. Dissociation is one of the major maladaptive outcomes of CSA. Nevertheless, CSA explains only about 10% of the variance of dissociation. Possibly, this modest effect size is due to protective factors moderating the relation between CSA and dissociative symptoms. One such factor may be the extent to which one has succeeded in developing a clear and coherent sense of who they are. Objective: We aimed to explore whether self-concept clarity (SCC) moderates the relationship between CSA and dissociation (Model 1), and an alternative hypothesis, whereby CSA may moderate the relationship between SCC and dissociation (Model 2). Participants and Setting: This was tested among 65 well-functioning young women drawn from an earlier study that intentionally oversampled CSA survivors. Methods: We included data from survivors of CSA by a known perpetrator (n = 35) and women with no sexual trauma (n = 30). Results: Findings were consistent with both Model 1 and Model 2, but only when depersonalization-derealization, namely detachment, was considered. Simple effects analyses revealed that CSA was related to depersonalization-derealization only under low SCC levels (Model 1), and SCC was negatively related to depersonalization-derealization only in the CSA group (Model 2). Conclusions: Findings suggest that SCC is a protective factor, buffering the association between CSA and detachment (depersonalization-derealization) symptoms. Clinical implications are discussed.

背景：尽管对儿童性虐待 (CSA) 的潜在负面影响达成了强有力的共识，但调查风险和保护因素的研究——尤其是在功能良好的年轻人中——的研究很少。分离是 CSA 的主要适应不良结果之一。然而，CSA 只解释了大约 10% 的解离方差。可能，这种适度的效应大小是由于保护因素调节了 CSA 和分离症状之间的关系。一个这样的因素可能是一个人在多大程度上成功地形成了对他们是谁的清晰和连贯的认识。目的：我们旨在探讨自我概念清晰度（SCC）是否会调节 CSA 与分离之间的关系（模型 1），以及另一种假设，即 CSA 可能会调节 SCC 与分离之间的关系（模型 2）。参与者和环境：这是在 65 名功能良好的年轻女性中进行的测试，该女性来自早期的一项有意对 CSA 幸存者进行过度抽样的研究。方法：我们纳入了已知犯罪者的 CSA 幸存者的数据（n = 35) 和没有性创伤的女性 ( n = 30)。结果：结果与模型 1 和模型 2 一致，但仅在考虑人格解体-现实解体，即分离时。简单效应分析显示，CSA仅在低SCC水平下与人格解体-去现实相关（模型1），而SCC仅在CSA组与人格解体-去现实负相关（模型2）。结论：研究结果表明，SCC 是一种保护因素，可以缓冲 CSA 与分离（人格解体-现实解体）症状之间的关联。临床意义进行了讨论。