Fleshy fruits are usually associated with ingestion of seeds but can also serve as a reward to animals that discard seeds without ingesting them. We investigated the seed dispersal systems of two South African Scadoxus lilies. Like those in some other genera in Amaryllidaceae tribe Haemantheae, seeds of Scadoxus are non-orthodox, reputedly poisonous and enclosed within fleshy fruits. The bright red ripe Scadoxus fruits attract monkeys, which consume the fleshy fruit and spit out the seeds. Depulping increases the rate of seed germination. Monkeys spit some seeds out in the immediate vicinity of the plant and carry others further away in their cheek pouches (84% of S. multiflorus subsp katherinae seeds and 78% of S. puniceus seeds were dispersed further than 1 m away from the parent plant). Both species occur in very specific spatially restricted habitats; S. multiflorus subspecies katherinae is confined to patches of swamp within forests, while S. puniceus is confined to small bush clumps in a grassland mosaic. Monkey-mediated seed dispersal may be advantageous for these two Scadoxus species as it ensures that some seeds are spat out in the immediate spatially restricted habitats of the parent plants, while others are carried through cheek-pouching to more distant habitat patches.

中文翻译：

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Scadoxus (Amaryllidaceae) 猴子吐痰传播种子：果实选择、传播距离和对种子萌发的影响

肉质水果通常与摄入种子有关，但也可以作为对丢弃种子而不摄入种子的动物的奖励。我们研究了两种南非Scadoxus百合的种子传播系统。与石蒜科血红花科的其他一些属一样，Scadoxus的种子是非正统的，据称有毒并被包裹在肉质果实中。鲜红色成熟的Scadoxus果实吸引了猴子，它们吃掉肉质的果实并吐出种子。脱浆提高种子发芽率。猴子在植物附近吐出一些种子，并将其他种子放在脸颊袋中（84% 的S. multiflorus subsp katherinae种子和 78% 的S. puniceus种子分散在距离亲本植物 1 m 以上的地方）。这两个物种都出现在非常特定的空间受限栖息地；S. multiflorus katherinae亚种仅限于森林内的沼泽斑块，而S. puniceus仅限于草原马赛克中的小灌木丛。猴子介导的种子传播可能对这两种Scadoxus物种有利，因为它确保一些种子在亲本植物的直接空间受限栖息地中吐出，而其他种子通过颊囊携带到更远的栖息地斑块。