Prior research suggests that symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders may derive from alterations in the brain's ability to flexibly tune the balance between information integration and segregation and global versus local processing. This balance allows the brain to optimally filter salient stimuli in the environment and can be measured with electroencephalography (EEG) via calculation of the aperiodic spectral slope. A steeper aperiodic slope increases the capacity of global neural networks to process low-salience stimuli, while a flatter aperiodic slope reflects an emphasis on local neural networks that respond preferentially to high-salience input. Although aperiodic slope differences have been reported in ADHD, prior studies have not accounted for differing levels of stimulus input in experimental paradigms. There is evidence to suggest that dynamic shifts in neural oscillation patterns in response to changing environmental conditions could be critical for attention regulation.

中文翻译：

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对环境条件缺乏动态神经振荡反应标志着儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍


先前的研究表明，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和相关神经发育障碍的症状可能源于大脑灵活调节信息整合和分离以及全局与局部处理之间平衡的能力的改变。这种平衡使大脑能够最佳地过滤环境中的显着刺激，并且可以通过计算非周期性频谱斜率使用脑电图 (EEG) 进行测量。较陡的非周期性斜率增加了全局神经网络处理低显着性刺激的能力，而较平坦的非周期性斜率则反映了对优先响应高显着性输入的局部神经网络的重视。尽管 ADHD 中存在非周期性斜率差异，但先前的研究尚未考虑实验范式中不同水平的刺激输入。有证据表明，神经振荡模式响应不断变化的环境条件而发生的动态变化可能对于注意力调节至关重要。