Background 

Burnout is a common problem among healthcare professionals (HCPs), in particular young doctors and nurses working in emergency medical services. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has generated a substantial increase in the workload of those working in front-line services, and there is evidence of physical and mental distress among professionals that may have caused an increase in burnout.

Objective 

The objective of the study was to evaluate the level of burnout in the different professionals of emergency medical services.

Design and participants 

In January and February 2022, we conducted an online survey based on the Abbreviate Maslach inventory with the addition of three questions focused on possible modifying factors. The survey was disseminated to HCP via the list of European Society for Emergency Medicine contacts.

Outcome measures 

The analysis was based on two of the three elements of the Maslach burnout concept, ‘depersonalisation’, ‘emotional exhaustion’, and ‘personal accomplishment’. Overall burnout was defined when at least one of the two elements ‘depersonalisation’ or ‘emotional exhaustion’ reached the level of high burnout.

Results 

The number of responders was 1925, 84% of which were physicians, 12% nurses, and 2% paramedics. Burnout was present in 62% of all responders. A high burnout level was reported for depersonalisation, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment in 47%, 46%, and 48% of responders, respectively. Females reported a higher proportion of burnout compared with males 64% vs. 59%, difference −6% [95% confidence interval CI, −8 to −1.9], and nurses higher than physicians, 73% vs. 60%, difference −13 (95% CI, −18.8 to −6). Less experienced professionals reported higher levels of burnout: those with less than 5 years of experience the burnout level was 74% compared with the group with more than 10 years, 60%, difference −26% (95% CI, −32 to −19.5). Reported frequent understaffing situations were associated with a higher risk of burnout: 70% vs. 37%, difference −33% (95% CI, −41 to −25). Burnout was associated with a higher risk of desire to change the workplace: 87% vs. 40%, difference −47% (95% CI, −52 to −42). Survey responders reported having access to support programmes in 41% of cases.

Conclusion 

In this study, there is a high reported level of burnout among emergency HCPs. Several risk factors were identified such as being understaffed, female, or having less experience. HCPs with burnout thought more frequently about leaving the workplace, posing a threat to healthcare systems.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 大流行两年后急诊医学专业人员的倦怠：对医疗保健系统构成威胁吗？

背景 

职业倦怠是医疗保健专业人员 (HCP) 中的一个常见问题，尤其是从事紧急医疗服务的年轻医生和护士。2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行导致一线服务人员的工作量大幅增加，并且有证据表明专业人员的身心困扰可能导致职业倦怠增加。

客观的 

该研究的目的是评估紧急医疗服务不同专业人员的倦怠程度。

设计与参与者 

2022 年 1 月和 2 月，我们根据 Abbreviate Maslach 库存进行了一项在线调查，并增加了三个针对可能的修改因素的问题。该调查通过欧洲急诊医学协会联系人名单分发给 HCP。

结果衡量 

该分析基于马斯拉赫倦怠概念的三个要素中的两个：“人格解体”、“情绪耗竭”和“个人成就”。当“人格解体”或“情绪耗竭”这两个要素中至少有一个达到高倦怠水平时，就定义了总体倦怠。

结果 

响应者人数为 1925 人，其中 84% 是医生，12% 是护士，2% 是护理人员。62% 的受访者出现倦怠症状。47%、46% 和 48% 的受访者分别因人格解体、情绪耗竭和个人成就而感到高倦怠。与男性相比，女性报告的倦怠比例更高，分别为 64% vs. 59%，差异 -6% [95% 置信区间 CI，-8 至 -1.9]，护士高于医生，分别为 73% vs. 60%，差异 - 13（95% CI，-18.8 至 -6）。经验较少的专业人士报告的倦怠程度较高：经验不足 5 年的专业人员的倦怠程度为 74%，而经验超过 10 年的专业人员则为 60%，差异 −26%（95% CI，−32 至 −19.5） ）。据报道，频繁的人手不足情况与较高的倦怠风险相关：70% 与 37%，差异 -33%（95% CI，-41 至 -25）。倦怠与渴望改变工作场所的较高风险相关：87% 与 40%，差异 -47%（95% CI，-52 至 -42）。调查受访者表示，41% 的情况下可以获得支持计划。

结论 

在这项研究中，急诊医护人员的倦怠程度很高。确定了一些风险因素，例如人手不足、女性或经验较少。职业倦怠的医护人员更频繁地考虑离开工作场所，这对医疗保健系统构成了威胁。