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Breastfeeding: Maternally Transferred Allergens in Breast Milk: Protective or Sensitizing?
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-26 , DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200066 Frauke Schocker 1, 2 , Uta Jappe 1, 2, 3
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-26 , DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200066 Frauke Schocker 1, 2 , Uta Jappe 1, 2, 3
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According to a thorough literature search, the following allergen sources have been associated with allergy symptoms in the exclusively breastfed child: hen's egg, cow's milk, peanut, trout. Subsequently, several studies use the advantage of molecular allergology and investigate the potential transfer of single allergens into breastmilk. This is shown for caseins, whey proteins, gliadin, ovalbumin, ovomucoid, the peanut allergens Ara h 2 and Ara h 6, as well as the inhalant allergens Der p 1 and Blo t 5. It is still a matter of debate whether or not food allergens transferred via breastfeeding to the baby promote allergic sensitization or induce tolerance and via which mechanisms they may shift the immune response to the one or other side. Noteworthy, some breastfed children are described to be sensitized to foods before being exposed to solid foods, and this exposure may have occurred through breastmilk. In the light of these findings the investigation of food allergens transferred from the mother's diet into breastmilk and their impact on sensitization or allergy prevention remains a current topic in research. This review describes breastmilk in its composition and provides data on the identification of food allergens therein including human and mouse studies.
中文翻译：
母乳喂养：母乳中母体转移的过敏原：保护性还是致敏性？
根据彻底的文献检索，以下过敏原来源与纯母乳喂养儿童的过敏症状有关：鸡蛋、牛奶、花生、鳟鱼。随后，几项研究利用分子过敏学的优势，研究了单一过敏原转移到母乳中的可能性。酪蛋白、乳清蛋白、麦醇溶蛋白、卵清蛋白、卵粘蛋白、花生过敏原 Ara h 2 和 Ara h 6 以及吸入性过敏原 Der p 1 和 Blot 5 都显示了这一点。通过母乳喂养转移给婴儿的食物过敏原会促进过敏性致敏或诱导耐受性，并且它们可以通过哪些机制将免疫反应转移到一侧或另一侧。值得注意的是，一些母乳喂养的儿童被描述为在接触固体食物之前对食物过敏，而这种接触可能是通过母乳发生的。鉴于这些发现，研究从母亲的饮食转移到母乳中的食物过敏原及其对致敏或过敏预防的影响仍然是当前的研究课题。这篇综述描述了母乳的成分，并提供了鉴定其中食物过敏原的数据，包括人类和小鼠研究。
更新日期：2022-05-26
中文翻译：
母乳喂养：母乳中母体转移的过敏原：保护性还是致敏性？
根据彻底的文献检索，以下过敏原来源与纯母乳喂养儿童的过敏症状有关：鸡蛋、牛奶、花生、鳟鱼。随后，几项研究利用分子过敏学的优势，研究了单一过敏原转移到母乳中的可能性。酪蛋白、乳清蛋白、麦醇溶蛋白、卵清蛋白、卵粘蛋白、花生过敏原 Ara h 2 和 Ara h 6 以及吸入性过敏原 Der p 1 和 Blot 5 都显示了这一点。通过母乳喂养转移给婴儿的食物过敏原会促进过敏性致敏或诱导耐受性，并且它们可以通过哪些机制将免疫反应转移到一侧或另一侧。值得注意的是，一些母乳喂养的儿童被描述为在接触固体食物之前对食物过敏，而这种接触可能是通过母乳发生的。鉴于这些发现，研究从母亲的饮食转移到母乳中的食物过敏原及其对致敏或过敏预防的影响仍然是当前的研究课题。这篇综述描述了母乳的成分，并提供了鉴定其中食物过敏原的数据，包括人类和小鼠研究。
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