A series of protic ionic liquids (PILs) containing dibutyldithiophosphate were simply synthesised and used as lubricant additive in base emulsion. The physico-chemical and lubricating properties of PILs in emulsion were systematically investigated. The stability of prepared emulsions containing PILs were similar with base emulsions by particle size distribution tests. Compared with traditional additive of polysulfide, the PILs in emulsion exhibited superior lubricating properties under harsh conditions. Surprisingly, the oil-miscible O-PILs in emulsion showed better friction and wear reduction than water-miscible T-PILs in emulsion. The stable protective films formed on the steel surface by results of scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were the main reason for the preferable performance.

中文翻译：

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含有二丁基二硫代磷酸盐作为 O/W 乳液润滑添加剂的质子离子液体的摩擦学性能

简单合成了一系列含有二丁基二硫代磷酸盐的质子离子液体 (PILs)，并将其用作基础乳液中的润滑剂添加剂。系统地研究了乳液中 PIL 的物理化学和润滑性能。通过粒度分布测试，制备的含有 PIL 的乳液的稳定性与基础乳液相似。与传统的多硫化物添加剂相比，乳液中的 PILs 在恶劣条件下表现出优异的润滑性能。令人惊讶的是，乳液中的油混溶性 O-PIL 比乳液中的水溶性 T-PIL 表现出更好的摩擦和磨损减少。扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱结果表明，钢材表面形成稳定的保护膜是其性能优异的主要原因。