Objective To describe acute/postacute COVID-19 presentations in athletes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources The search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus) and restricted to studies published from 2019 to 6 January 2022. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Studies were required to (1) include professional, amateur or collegiate/university athletes with COVID-19; (2) present data on acute/postacute COVID-19 symptoms and (3) have an observational design. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. Results 43 studies with 11 518 athletes were included. For acute presentation, the pooled event rates for asymptomatic and severe COVID-19 were 25.5% (95% CI: 21.1% to 30.5%) and 1.3% (95% CI: 0.7% to 2.3%), respectively. For postacute presentations, the pooled estimate of persistent symptoms was 8.3% (95% CI: 3.8% to 17.0%). Pooled estimate for myocardial involvement was 5.0% (95% CI: 2.5% to 9.8%) in athletes undergoing any cardiac testing, and 2.5% (95% CI: 1.0% to 5.8%) in athletes undergoing MRI, although clinical symptoms were not characterised. None of the studies with a control group (eg, non-infected athletes) could confirm a causal relationship between COVID-19 and myocardial involvement. Conclusion This broad characterisation of COVID-19 presentations in athletes indicates that ~94% exhibited mild or no acute symptoms. The available evidence did not confirm a causal relationship between COVID-19 and myocardial involvement. A small proportion of athletes experienced persistent symptoms while recovering from infection, which were mostly mild in nature, but could affect return-to-play decisions and timing.

中文翻译：

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运动员的急性和急性后 COVID-19 表现：系统评价和荟萃分析

目的 描述运动员的急性/急性后 COVID-19 表现。设计系统回顾和荟萃分析。数据来源 搜索在四个数据库（MEDLINE、EMBASE、SCOPUS、SPORTDiscus）中进行，仅限于 2019 年至 2022 年 1 月 6 日发表的研究。选择研究的资格标准 要求研究 (1) 包括专业、业余或大学/大学患有 COVID-19 的运动员；(2) 提供有关急性/急性后 COVID-19 症状的数据，以及 (3) 采用观察性设计。使用 Joanna Briggs Institute 批判性评估工具评估偏倚风险。结果共纳入 43 项研究，涉及 11 518 名运动员。对于急性表现，无症状和严重 COVID-19 的汇总事件发生率分别为 25.5%（95% CI：21.1% 至 30.5%）和 1.3%（95% CI：0.7% 至 2.3%）。对于后期演示，持续症状的汇总估计值为 8.3%（95% CI：3.8% 至 17.0%）。在接受任何心脏检查的运动员中，心肌受累的汇总估计为 5.0%（95% CI：2.5% 至 9.8%），在接受 MRI 的运动员中为 2.5%（95% CI：1.0% 至 5.8%），尽管临床症状并未出现表征。没有一项针对对照组（例如未感染的运动员）的研究可以证实 COVID-19 与心肌受累之间的因果关系。结论 运动员中 COVID-19 表现的这一广泛特征表明，约 94% 的运动员表现出轻微或没有急性症状。现有证据并未证实 COVID-19 与心肌受累之间存在因果关系。一小部分运动员在从感染中恢复时出现持续症状，这些症状大多是轻微的，