A lack of accepted standards and standardized phantoms suitable for the technical validation of biophotonic instrumentation hinders the reliability and reproducibility of its experimental outputs. In this Perspective, we discuss general criteria for the design of tissue-mimicking biophotonic phantoms, and use these criteria and state-of-the-art developments to critically review the literature on phantom materials and on the fabrication of phantoms. By focusing on representative examples of standardization in diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy, fluorescence-guided surgery and photoacoustic imaging, we identify unmet needs in the development of phantoms and a set of criteria (leveraging characterization, collaboration, communication and commitment) for the standardization of biophotonic instrumentation.

缺乏适用于生物光子仪器技术验证的公认标准和标准化模型阻碍了其实验输出的可靠性和可重复性。在这个观点中，我们讨论了模拟组织的生物光子模型设计的一般标准，并使用这些标准和最先进的发展来批判性地回顾关于模型材料和模型制造的文献。通过专注于漫射光学成像和光谱、荧光引导手术和光声成像标准化的代表性示例，我们确定了体模开发中未满足的需求和一套标准化标准（利用表征、协作、沟通和承诺）生物光子仪器。