Abstract

Nucleic acid testing (NAT) has been widely used in many fields such as medical diagnosis, food safety testing and forensic identification. However, it can only be carried out in professional laboratory because the test process is complicated and rigorous. In this paper, a nucleic acid amplification system based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to meet the requirements of point-of-care testing (POCT) for nucleic acids. Firstly, the mechanical structure and electronic control system were designed and constructed. Secondly, an integral separation PID algorithm for temperature control and an intelligent temperature compensation method based on support vector regression (SVR) were proposed. Finally, temperature measurement and biological experiments were performed to prove the stability and availability of the nucleic acid amplification system. The results showed that the system achieved a rapid temperature change velocity of 4.5 °C/s, and the steady-state error was within ± 0.5 °C. The nucleic acids in samples of different concentrations were well amplified, the system can be used for quantitative detection of nucleic acid with the help of a fluorescence detection system, and has higher sensitivity than Tianlong PCR instrument.

摘要

核酸检测（NAT）已广泛应用于医学诊断、食品安全检测、法医鉴定等诸多领域。但由于测试过程复杂、严格，只能在专业实验室进行。本文开发了一种基于聚合酶链式反应（PCR）的核酸扩增系统，以满足核酸即时检测（POCT）的要求。首先对机械结构和电控系统进行了设计和构建。其次，提出了一种用于温度控制的积分分离PID算法和一种基于支持向量回归(SVR)的智能温度补偿方法。最后，进行了温度测量和生物学实验，以证明核酸扩增系统的稳定性和可用性。结果表明，该系统实现了4.5℃/s的快速温度变化速度，稳态误差在±0.5℃以内。不同浓度样品中的核酸均得到很好的扩增，该系统可借助荧光检测系统对核酸进行定量检测，比天龙PCR仪具有更高的灵敏度。