Despite a wealth of research on intimate partner homicide, research on intimate partner homicide followed by suicide of the perpetrator is sparse. Existing studies on intimate partner homicide-suicide: tend to be descriptive, not keeping pace with quantitative advances in the epidemiological and social sciences; have yet to examine how context impacts intimate partner homicide-suicide; and are typically limited to male perpetrators, given small localized samples of female-perpetrated intimate partner (homicide and) homicide-suicide. This study uses data on 7584 heterosexual intimate partner homicide and homicide-suicide cases distributed across 2465 places and 42 U.S. states from the National Violent Death Reporting System (2003-2018) to examine the victim and perpetrator characteristics, relationship dynamics, situational factors, and contextual features that influence the likelihood of committing suicide following intimate partner homicide. Hierarchical logistic regression models indicate that victim characteristics that increase the vulnerability to victimization (alcohol and drug use, mental health problems, less than some college education) decrease the odds of committing suicide following intimate partner homicide. Similarly, situational (victim weapon usage, additional perpetrators) and contextual (concentrated disadvantage, residential instability) risk factors decrease the odds of committing suicide following intimate partner homicide. Conversely, impairment of the perpetrator (alcohol use, mental health problems) and a more intimate victim-perpetrator relationship (spousal relationship, caregiver) increases the odds of homicide-suicide. Additionally, results indicate that firearms play an integral part in homicide-suicide as well as in decreasing the gender gap in homicide-suicide. The findings suggest that the internalization of guilt by perpetrators of intimate partner homicide may play a key role in subsequent suicide. Practically, limiting firearm exposure will not only reduce the lethality of intimate partner violence, but will decrease the odds of perpetrator suicide following intimate partner homicide. This is particularly true for female-perpetrated homicide-suicide, which is unlikely to occur without a firearm.

中文翻译：

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检查影响异性亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的因素：社会背景、性别动态和枪支。

尽管对亲密伴侣杀人案进行了大量研究，但对亲密伴侣杀人后肇事者自杀的研究却很少。现有关于亲密伴侣杀人-自杀的研究：往往是描述性的，跟不上流行病学和社会科学的定量进展；尚未研究背景如何影响亲密伴侣杀人自杀；并且通常仅限于男性肇事者，因为女性犯下亲密伴侣（杀人和）杀人自杀的局部样本很少。本研究使用来自全国暴力死亡报告系统（2003-2018）的分布在美国 42 个州和 2465 个地方的 7584 起异性亲密伴侣杀人和杀人自杀案件的数据来检查受害者和肇事者的特征、关系动态、情境因素、以及影响亲密伴侣杀人后自杀可能性的背景特征。分层逻辑回归模型表明，增加受害脆弱性的受害人特征（酗酒和吸毒、心理健康问题、受过一些大学教育以下）会降低亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的几率。同样，情境（受害者使用武器、其他肇事者）和背景（集中的劣势、居住不稳定）风险因素会降低亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的几率。相反，犯罪者的缺陷（酗酒、心理健康问题）和更亲密的受害者-犯罪者关系（配偶关系、照顾者）会增加杀人自杀的几率。此外，结果表明，枪支在杀人-自杀以及缩小杀人-自杀的性别差距方面发挥着不可或缺的作用。研究结果表明，亲密伴侣杀人罪犯的内疚感可能在随后的自杀中发挥关键作用。实际上，限制枪支暴露不仅会降低亲密伴侣暴力的杀伤力，还会降低犯罪者在亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的几率。对于女性犯下的杀人自杀来说尤其如此，如果没有枪支就不太可能发生这种情况。限制枪支暴露不仅会降低亲密伴侣暴力的杀伤力，还会降低犯罪者在亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的几率。对于女性犯下的杀人自杀来说尤其如此，如果没有枪支就不太可能发生这种情况。限制枪支暴露不仅会降低亲密伴侣暴力的杀伤力，还会降低犯罪者在亲密伴侣杀人后自杀的几率。对于女性犯下的杀人自杀来说尤其如此，如果没有枪支就不太可能发生这种情况。