Considering the crucial role of cross-cultural virtual learning teams (VLTs) in industries and academics, this study adopts a longitudinal approach and investigates in-depth how cross-cultural VLTs collaborate effectively by examining relationships among three concepts, namely swift trust, team trust, and shared mental model (SMM). Categorizing team stages as structuring, work, and termination, our study indicates that swift trust enhances team trust at the structuring stage. At all three stages, team trust strengthens SMM, which then improves team performance. At the work stage, the impact of SMM on team performance reaches its peak. Our findings contribute to the online learning literature and practices.

考虑到跨文化虚拟学习团队（VLTs）在产业界和学术界的重要作用，本研究采用纵向方法，通过考察快速信任、团队信任三个概念之间的关系，深入研究跨文化虚拟学习团队如何有效协作。 , 和共享心智模型 (SMM)。我们的研究将团队阶段分为结构化阶段、工作阶段和终止阶段，我们的研究表明，快速信任在结构化阶段增强了团队信任。在所有三个阶段，团队信任都会加强 SMM，从而提高团队绩效。在工作阶段，SMM对团队绩效的影响达到顶峰。我们的研究结果有助于在线学习文献和实践。