Abstract:We use social learning, self-control, and social disorganization theories to develop hypotheses related to tobacco and alcohol use among a racially diverse sample of Chicago adolescents. Data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods were used to test models that examine relationships between neighborhood-level and individual-level attributes on tobacco-use and alcohol-use frequencies. Our primary goal was to test hypotheses about the invariance of statistical relationships over three waves of data by using equality of regression coefficients tests. We found that the effect of deviant peers decreased over time for alcohol use but was invariant for tobacco use. The effect of self-control on alcohol use was invariant, yet its effect on tobacco use was not invariant and increased significantly by the third wave. Contextual variables were not, for the most part, significantly related to tobacco and alcohol use, and, contrary to our expectations, the effects were invariant over time.

中文翻译：

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同龄人、自我控制、社区、青少年和早期成人烟草和酒精使用：评估不变性

摘要：我们使用社会学习、自我控制和社会解体理论在芝加哥青少年的种族多元化样本中提出与烟草和酒精使用相关的假设。来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目的数据被用来测试模型，这些模型检查了社区层面和个人层面的烟草使用和酒精使用频率属性之间的关系。我们的主要目标是通过使用回归系数相等性检验来检验关于三波数据的统计关系不变性的假设。我们发现，越轨的同伴对饮酒的影响随着时间的推移而下降，但对烟草使用的影响是不变的。自我控制对酒精使用的影响是不变的，但它对烟草使用的影响不是不变的，并且在第三波时显着增加。