Abstract: Sarcopenia, an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, has attracted the attention of medical experts due to its severe morbidity, low living quality, high expenditure of health care, and mortality. Traditionally, persistent aerobic exercise (PAE) is considered as a valid way to attenuate muscular atrophy. However, nowadays, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a more effective and time-efficient method to replace traditional exercise modes. HIIT displays comprehensive effects on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle metabolism, and it provides a time-out for the recovery of cardiopulmonary and muscular functions without causing severe adverse effects. Studies demonstrated that compared with PAE, HIIT showed similar or even higher effects in improving muscle strength, enhancing physical performances and increasing muscle mass of elder people. Therefore, HIIT might become a promising way to cope with the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle function. However, it is worth mentioning that no study of HIIT was conducted directly on sarcopenia patients, which is attributed to the suspicious of safety and validity. In this review, we will assess the effects of different training parameters on muscle and sarcopenia, summarize previous papers which compared the effects of HIIT and PAE in improving muscle quality and function, and evaluate the potential of HIIT to replace the status of PAE in treating old people with muscle atrophy and low modality; and point out drawbacks of temporary experiments. Our aim is to discuss the feasibility of HIIT to treat sarcopenia and provide a reference for clinical scientists who want to utilize HIIT as a new way to cope with sarcopenia.

Keywords: Sarcopenia, high intensity interval training, persistent aerobic exercise, aging


中文翻译：

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高强度间歇训练：治疗肌肉减少症的潜在方法

摘要：肌肉减少症是一种以肌肉力量和肌肉质量下降为特征的与年龄有关的疾病，由于其发病率高、生活质量低、医疗保健费用高、死亡率高，引起了医学专家的关注。传统上，持续有氧运动（PAE）被认为是减轻肌肉萎缩的有效方法。然而，如今，高强度间歇训练（HIIT）已经成为一种更有效、更省时的方法来取代传统的运动模式。HIIT对运动能力和骨骼肌代谢具有综合作用，它为心肺和肌肉功能的恢复提供了一个暂停时间，而不会造成严重的不良影响。研究表明，与 PAE 相比，HIIT 在提高肌肉力量方面表现出相似甚至更高的效果，增强老年人的身体机能和增加肌肉质量。因此，HIIT 可能成为应对与年龄相关的肌肉质量和肌肉功能损失的有希望的方法。但值得一提的是，没有直接针对肌肉减少症患者进行 HIIT 的研究，这归因于安全性和有效性的怀疑。在这篇综述中，我们将评估不同训练参数对肌肉和肌肉减少症的影响，总结以往比较 HIIT 和 PAE 在改善肌肉质量和功能方面的效果的论文，并评估 HIIT 替代 PAE 在治疗中的地位的潜力肌肉萎缩、形态低下的老年人；并指出临时实验的缺点。

关键词：肌肉减少症，高强度间歇训练，持续有氧运动，衰老