Millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) radio access technologies (RAT) are expected to become a critical part of the future cellular ecosystem providing an abundant amount of bandwidth in areas with high traffic demands. However, extremely directional antenna radiation patterns that need to be utilized at both transmit and receive sides of a link to overcome severe path losses, dynamic blockage of propagation paths by large static and small dynamic objects, macro- and micromobility of user equipment (UE) makes provisioning of reliable service over THz/mmWave RATs an extremely complex task. This challenge is further complicated by the type of applications envisioned for these systems inherently requiring guaranteed bitrates at the air interface. This tutorial aims to introduce a versatile mathematical methodology for assessing performance reliability improvement algorithms for mmWave and THz systems. Our methodology accounts for both radio interface specifics as well as service process of sessions at mmWave/THz base stations (BS) and is capable of evaluating the performance of systems with multiconnectivity operation, resource reservation mechanisms, priorities between multiple traffic types having different service requirements. The framework is logically separated into two parts: (i) parameterization part that abstracts the specifics of deployment and radio mechanisms, and (ii) queuing part, accounting for details of the service process at mmWave/THz BSs. The modular decoupled structure of the framework allows for further extensions to advanced service mechanisms in prospective mmWave/THz cellular deployments while keeping the complexity manageable and thus making it attractive for system analysts.

中文翻译：

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5G/6G 毫米波和太赫兹蜂窝系统数学建模教程


毫米波 (mmWave) 和太赫兹 (THz) 无线电接入技术 (RAT) 预计将成为未来蜂窝生态系统的重要组成部分，在高流量需求的区域提供充足的带宽。然而，链路的发送端和接收端都需要使用极其定向的天线辐射方向图，以克服严重的路径损耗、大型静态和小型动态物体对传播路径的动态阻塞、用户设备 (UE) 的宏观和微观移动性使得通过太赫兹/毫米波 RAT 提供可靠的服务成为一项极其复杂的任务。由于这些系统固有地需要保证空中接口比特率的应用类型，这一挑战变得更加复杂。本教程旨在介绍一种通用的数学方法，用于评估毫米波和太赫兹系统的性能可靠性改进算法。我们的方法考虑了无线接口细节以及毫米波/太赫兹基站 (BS) 会话的服务流程，并且能够评估具有多连接操作、资源预留机制、具有不同服务要求的多种流量类型之间的优先级的系统性能。该框架在逻辑上分为两部分：(i) 参数化部分，抽象部署和无线电机制的细节；(ii) 排队部分，说明毫米波/太赫兹基站的服务过程细节。该框架的模块化解耦结构允许进一步扩展未来毫米波/太赫兹蜂窝部署中的高级服务机制，同时保持复杂性可控，从而使其对系统分析师有吸引力。