Vehicular networks promise features such as traffic management, route scheduling, data exchange, entertainment, and much more. With any large-scale technological integration comes the challenge of providing security. Blockchain technology has been a popular choice of many studies for making the vehicular network more secure. Its characteristics meet some of the essential security requirements such as decentralization, transparency, tamper-proof nature, and public audit. This study catalogues some of the notable efforts in this direction over the last few years. We analyze around 75 blockchain-based security schemes for vehicular networks from an application, security, and blockchain perspective. The application perspective focuses on various applications which use secure blockchain-based vehicular networks such as transportation, parking, data sharing/ trading, and resource sharing. The security perspective focuses on security requirements and attacks. The blockchain perspective focuses on blockchain platforms, blockchain types, and consensus mechanisms used in blockchain implementation. We also compile the popular simulation tools used for simulating blockchain and for simulating vehicular networks. Additionally, to give the readers a broader perspective of the research area, we discuss the role of various state-of-the-art emerging technologies in blockchain-based vehicular networks. Finally, we summarize the survey by listing out some common challenges and future research directions in this field.

中文翻译：

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区块链在保障车辆网络安全方面的应用综合调查


车载网络具有交通管理、路线调度、数据交换、娱乐等功能。任何大规模的技术集成都会带来提供安全性的挑战。区块链技术已成为许多研究的热门选择，旨在使车辆网络更加安全。其特性满足一些基本的安全要求，例如去中心化、透明、防篡改和公共审计。这项研究列出了过去几年在这个方向上的一些值得注意的努力。我们从应用程序、安全性和区块链的角度分析了大约 75 种基于区块链的车辆网络安全方案。应用视角侧重于使用基于区块链的安全车辆网络的各种应用，例如交通、停车、数据共享/交易和资源共享。安全视角重点关注安全需求和攻击。区块链视角重点关注区块链平台、区块链类型以及区块链实施中使用的共识机制。我们还编译了用于模拟区块链和模拟车辆网络的流行模拟工具。此外，为了让读者对研究领域有更广阔的视野，我们讨论了各种最先进的新兴技术在基于区块链的车辆网络中的作用。最后，我们通过列出该领域的一些常见挑战和未来研究方向来总结调查。