GPS-based activity space exposure to greenness and walkability is associated with increased accelerometer-based physical activity,Environment International

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GPS-based activity space exposure to greenness and walkability is associated with increased accelerometer-based physical activity
Environment International ( IF 10.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107317
Oriol Marquet ₁ , Jana A Hirsch ₂ , Jacqueline Kerr ₃ , Marta M Jankowska ₄ , Jonathan Mitchell ₅ , Jaime E Hart ₆ , Francine Laden ₆ , J Aaron Hipp ₇ , Peter James ₈

Affiliation

Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
Urban Health Collaborative, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Beckman Research Institute, Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Center for Geospatial Analytics, NC State University, USA; Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction

Built and natural environments may provide opportunities for physical activity. However, studies are limited by primarily using residential addresses to define exposure and self-report to measure physical activity. We quantified associations between global positioning systems (GPS)-based activity space measures of environmental exposure and accelerometer-based physical activity.

Methods

Using a nationwide sample of working female adults (N = 354), we obtained seven days of GPS and accelerometry data. We created Daily Path Area activity spaces using GPS data and linked these activity spaces to spatial datasets on walkability (EPA Smart Location Database at the Census block group level) and greenness (satellite vegetation at 250 m resolution). We utilized generalized additive models to examine nonlinear associations between activity space exposures and accelerometer-derived physical activity outcomes adjusted for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and self-rated health.

Results

Higher activity space walkability was associated with higher levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity, and higher activity space greenness was associated with greater numbers of steps per week. No strong relationships were observed for sedentary behavior or light physical activity. Highest levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity were observed for participants with both high walkability and high greenness in their activity spaces.

Conclusion

This study contributes evidence that higher levels of physical activity occur in environments with more dense, diverse, and well-connected built environments, and with higher amounts of vegetation. These data suggest that urban planners, landscape architects, and policy makers should implement and evaluate environmental interventions to encourage higher levels of physical activity.

中文翻译：

基于 GPS 的活动空间暴露在绿色和步行环境中与基于加速度计的身体活动增加有关

介绍

建筑和自然环境可能会提供身体活动的机会。然而，研究的局限性在于主要使用居住地址来定义暴露和自我报告来测量身体活动。我们量化了基于全球定位系统 (GPS) 的环境暴露活动空间测量与基于加速度计的身体活动之间的关联。

方法

使用全国范围内的职业女性成年人样本 (N = 354)，我们获得了 7 天的 GPS 和加速度计数据。我们使用 GPS 数据创建了 Daily Path Area 活动空间，并将这些活动空间链接到关于可步行性（人口普查区块组级别的 EPA 智能位置数据库）和绿色（250 米分辨率的卫星植被）的空间数据集。我们利用广义加性模型来检查活动空间暴露与根据人口特征、社会经济因素和自评健康状况调整的加速度计衍生的身体活动结果之间的非线性关联。