Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later,Environmental Health Perspectives

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Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later
Environmental Health Perspectives ( IF 10.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-5-23 , DOI: 10.1289/ehp10669
David B Richardson ₁ , Estelle Rage ₂ , Paul A Demers ₃ , Minh T Do ₃ , Nora Fenske ₄ , Veronika Deffner ₄ , Michaela Kreuzer ₄ , Jonathan Samet ₅ , Stephen J Bertke ₆ , Kaitlin Kelly-Reif ₆ , Mary K Schubauer-Berigan _{6,

7} , Ladislav Tomasek ₈ , Lydia B Zablotska ₉ , Charles Wiggins _{10,

11} , Dominique Laurier ₂

Affiliation

Abstract

Background:

Despite reductions in exposure for workers and the general public, radon remains a leading cause of lung cancer. Prior studies of underground miners depended heavily upon information on deaths among miners employed in the early years of mine operations when exposures were high and tended to be poorly estimated.

Objectives:

To strengthen the basis for radiation protection, we report on the follow-up of workers employed in the later periods of mine operations for whom we have more accurate exposure information and for whom exposures tended to be accrued at intensities that are more comparable to contemporary settings.

Methods:

We conducted a pooled analysis of cohort studies of lung cancer mortality among 57,873 male uranium miners in Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, and the United States, who were first employed in 1960 or later (thereby excluding miners employed during the periods of highest exposure and focusing on miners who tend to have higher quality assessments of radon progeny exposures). We derived estimates of excess relative rate per 100 working level months (ERR/100 WLM) for mortality from lung cancer.

Results:

The analysis included $1.9 million$ person-years of observation and 1,217 deaths due to lung cancer. The relative rate of lung cancer increased in a linear fashion with cumulative exposure to radon progeny (ERR/100 $working level months equals 1.33$ ; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.88). The association was modified by attained age, age at exposure, and annual exposure rate; for attained ages $less than 55 years$ , the ERR/100 WLM was 8.38 (95% CI: 3.30, 18.99) among miners who were exposed at $greater than or equal to 35 years$ of age and at annual exposure rates of $less than 0.5$ working levels. This association decreased with older attained ages, younger ages at exposure, and higher exposure rates.

Discussion:

Estimates of association between radon progeny exposure and lung cancer mortality among relatively contemporary miners are coherent with estimates used to inform current protection guidelines. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669

中文翻译：

肺癌和氡气：1960 年或以后雇用的铀矿工人的汇总分析

抽象的

背景：

尽管工人和公众的氡气接触量有所减少，但氡气仍然是肺癌的主要原因。先前对地下矿工的研究在很大程度上依赖于早期采矿作业中受雇矿工的死亡信息，当时暴露水平很高，而且往往难以估计。

目标：

为了加强辐射防护的基础，我们报告了对矿山作业后期雇用的工人的跟踪情况，我们对他们有更准确的暴露信息，并且他们的暴露强度往往与当代环境更相似。。

方法：

我们对加拿大、捷克共和国、法国、德国和美国的 57,873 名男性铀矿工人的肺癌死亡率队列研究进行了汇总分析，这些矿工在 1960 年或之后首次就业（从而排除了在最高时期就业的矿工）。接触并关注往往对氡子体接触进行更高质量评估的矿工）。我们得出了每 100 个工作水平月的肺癌死亡率超额相对率 (ERR/100 WLM) 的估计值。

结果：

分析包括 $1.9 million$ 人年观察结果显示，1,217 人死于肺癌。肺癌的相对发病率随着氡子体累积暴露量呈线性增加 (ERR/100 $working level months equals 1.33$ ; 95% CI：0.89，1.88）。该关联根据达到年龄、暴露年龄和年暴露率进行了修改；对于已达到的年龄 $less than 55 years$ ，在暴露于 $greater than or equal to 35 years$ 年龄和年暴露率 $less than 0.5$ 工作水平。这种关联随着达到年龄的增加、暴露年龄的减小以及暴露率的升高而减弱。

讨论：

更新日期：2022-05-24

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