This article addresses incipient/aI/-raising in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Acoustic analysis of word list data from 27 participants targets both typical items (e.g., write, writing) and monomorphemic trochaic words often overlooked in previous research (e.g., Nike, bison, cyber, tiger). It reports four major/aI/production patterns in the Fort Wayne data, which range on a continuum from no/aI/-raising to phonological raising of/aI/(i.e., raising before t-flaps, a pattern of Canadian raising referred to as Dialect A). In the middle of the continuum is found the elusive Dialect B, a pattern of Canadian raising first documented by Martin Joos in 1942 in which raising occurs in write but not before t-flaps. The authors find that speakers of this type of raising tend not to raise in any trochaic words. In fact, raising in monomorphemic trochaic words, such as Nike or bison, is exceedingly rare in the Fort Wayne data. In tandem with the variation observed within Fort Wayne, the fact that raising has not yet extended into monomorphemic trochaic words further suggests that raising is incipient in this variety. The authors propose that Dialect B is not a separate dialect at all but an incipient variety of Dialect A.

中文翻译：

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解开方言 B 的奥秘

本文讨论了印第安纳州韦恩堡的初期/人工智能/提高。对来自 27 名参与者的单词列表数据的声学分析针对典型项目（例如 write、writing）和在以前的研究中经常被忽视的单词 trochaic 单词（例如，Nike、bison、cyber、tiger）。它报告了韦恩堡数据中的四种主要/aI/生产模式，其范围从无/aI/-提升到/aI/的语音提升（即，在t-flaps之前提升，加拿大的一种提升模式称为如方言 A)。在连续体的中间发现了难以捉摸的方言 B，这是一种加拿大人的抚养模式，最早由 Martin Joos 于 1942 年记录，其中上升发生在书写中，而不是在 t-flaps 之前。作者发现，这种加注方式的说话者往往不会用任何粗俗的词来加注。事实上，用单词的韵律词提高，例如耐克或野牛，在韦恩堡的数据中极为罕见。与在韦恩堡内观察到的变化相一致的是，raised 尚未扩展到单态的 trochaic 词的事实进一步表明，raised 在这种变体中处于萌芽状态。作者提出方言 B 根本不是一个单独的方言，而是方言 A 的一种早期变体。