The construction of injection wells is one of the direct methods of artificial recharge and determining their optimal location is one of the important issues that are discussed in the topics of projects related to the rehabilitation of aquifers. In this research, a simulation–optimization model was proposed to determine the optimal location of injection wells using the Isogeometric analysis (IGA) numerical model and the Grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO). In this regard, first, a groundwater model based on Isogeometric analysis was created to simulate groundwater flow in a hypothetical aquifer. Finally, after ensuring the accuracy of the simulator model, the optimal location of 10 injection wells was evaluated under two scenarios based on different values of hydraulic conductivity and specific yield. The accuracy of the simulation model is computed based on three error criteria ME, MAE and RMSE were the evaluation criteria which equaled −0.96%, 1.11%, and 0.0146 m, respectively. The achieved results showed that the Isogeometric analysis model has high accuracy. The results of the IGA-GWO model indicated that after constructing injection wells in the optimal location, the groundwater table on average in 10 injection wells rises more than 50 cm in both scenarios. The results also showed that due to the change in aquifer hydraulic conductivity and specific yield in different regions and the defined boundary conditions in the problem, the optimal location of injection wells are in regions with more hydraulic conductivity and more specific yield. Also, injection in regions with more drops will increase the groundwater table.

注水井的建设是人工补给的直接方法之一，确定注水井的最佳位置是含水层修复项目主题中讨论的重要问题之一。在这项研究中，提出了一种模拟优化模型，用于使用等几何分析 (IGA) 数值模型和灰狼优化算法 (GWO) 确定注入井的最佳位置。在这方面，首先，创建了一个基于等几何分析的地下水模型来模拟假设含水层中的地下水流动。最后，在保证模拟器模型精度的基础上，根据导水率和比产量的不同取值，在两种情景下对10口注入井的最佳位置进行了评价。模拟模型的精度是基于三个误差标准 ME、MAE 和 RMSE 计算得出的，它们分别为 -0.96%、1.11% 和 0.0146 m。所得结果表明等几何分析模型具有较高的精度。IGA-GWO模型结果表明，在最佳位置建设注水井后，两种情况下10口注水井的地下水位平均上升50 cm以上。结果还表明，由于不同区域含水层导水率和比产率的变化以及问题中定义的边界条件，注入井的最佳位置在导水率和比产率较高的区域。此外，在水滴较多的地区注入会增加地下水位。