The objective of this study was to determine the influence of alexithymia on the ability to identify emotions through visual and auditory stimuli. We assessed Alexithymia using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). As visual stimuli, we employed the images of faces from the Ekman 60 Faces Test, while the auditory stimuli consisted of fragments of instrumental music. A total of 303 students participated, 139 in secondary education and 164 in the first year of university (M = 17.58 years; SD = 4.16). The results show higher alexithymia levels in the female participants than in the male participants, mainly in the difficulty identifying feelings (DIF) and difficulty describing feelings (DDF) factors, and higher in the secondary students than in the university students, especially in externally oriented thinking (EOT). In terms of the identification of emotions through auditory stimuli, the EOT factor showed a strong predictive effect for the emotions of surprise and anger. For the visual stimuli, the EOT factor showed predictive validity for identifying happiness, while the DDF factor showed predictive validity for identifying sadness. We conclude that there is a relationship between alexithymia levels and emotion recognition, which varies depending on the nature of the stimulus.

中文翻译：

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音乐和面部情绪识别及其与述情障碍的关系

本研究的目的是确定述情障碍对通过视觉和听觉刺激识别情绪的能力的影响。我们使用多伦多述情障碍量表 (TAS-20) 评估了述情障碍。作为视觉刺激，我们使用来自 Ekman 60 Faces Test 的面部图像，而听觉刺激则由器乐片段组成。共有 303 名学生参加，其中中学教育 139 人，大学一年级 164 人（M  = 17.58 岁；SD = 4.16）。结果表明，女性参与者的述情障碍水平高于男性参与者，主要表现在难以识别感觉（DIF）和难以描述感觉（DDF）的因素上，中学生高于大学生，尤其是外向型思考（EOT）。在通过听觉刺激识别情绪方面，EOT因子对惊讶和愤怒的情绪表现出很强的预测作用。对于视觉刺激，EOT 因子显示出识别幸福的预测效度，而 DDF 因子显示出识别悲伤的预测效度。我们得出结论，述情障碍水平与情绪识别之间存在关系，这取决于刺激的性质。