A long line of sociological research has found that rural residents tend to be more conservative than urban residents in the U.S. on a wide range of attitudes and behaviors. Two primary arguments have been utilized to understand why these differences exist. First, rural/urban differences were thought to be largely a function of rural isolation and differences in types of employment. As rural areas have become less isolated and employment differences have diminished, rural/urban differences are thought to diminish as well. Any remaining rural/urban differences can largely be explained by social class variations. Second, differing interaction patterns in rural areas resulting from fewer people and lower population densities continue to make rural areas unique. This manuscript found strong support for the second argument that rural areas remain unique. Even when statistically controlling for race/ethnicity and social class, rural residents were much more likely to vote for Trump in the 2020 presidential election, were more likely to choose the conservative side on six controversial political issues than urban residents. These findings have important implications in understanding our deeply divided nation. The need for quality social science research to understand modern rural America is apparent.

中文翻译：

---

城乡差异：持续还是衰退☆

长期的社会学研究发现，在广泛的态度和行为上，农村居民往往比美国城市居民更加保守。两个主要论据已被用来理解为什么存在这些差异。首先，农村/城市差异被认为主要是农村隔离和就业类型差异的结果。随着农村地区变得不那么孤立，就业差异已经缩小，城乡差异被认为也会缩小。任何剩余的农村/城市差异在很大程度上可以用社会阶层差异来解释。其次，由于人口较少和人口密度较低，农村地区的不同互动模式继续使农村地区独一无二。这份手稿为第二个论点提供了强有力的支持，即农村地区仍然是独一无二的。即使在对种族/民族和社会阶层进行统计控制时，与城市居民相比，农村居民在 2020 年总统大选中更有可能投票给特朗普，在六个有争议的政治问题上更有可能选择保守派。这些发现对于理解我们深度分裂的国家具有重要意义。显然需要高质量的社会科学研究来了解现代美国农村。这些发现对于理解我们深度分裂的国家具有重要意义。显然需要高质量的社会科学研究来了解现代美国农村。这些发现对于理解我们深度分裂的国家具有重要意义。显然需要高质量的社会科学研究来了解现代美国农村。